← Voltar para a lista de provas Marinha do Brasil · Oficial dos Quadros Complementares (CP-QC-CA-FN) — Cartografia 51 questões nesta prova · página 1 de 3 · 49 com gabarito Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível V, V, F, V. 1) Verdadeira: é a mais forte e supera a Corrente do Golfo e o Amazonas. 2) Verdadeira: mantém a água quente afastada e atua como barreira a espécies invasoras. 3) Falsa: conecta os oceanos Pacífico, Atlântico e Índico, não 'apenas' Pacífico e Índico. 4) Verdadeira: as consequências são profundas e o papel no ecossistema é crucial. A, C, D e E divergem do padrão V-V-F-V: marcam como falsa alguma afirmação verdadeira ou como verdadeira a terceira. Referência: Text I (BBC Future, 2025). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Uso incorreto: 'May you follow...?' para pedir algo ou perguntar. 'May' em pergunta expressa pedido de permissão ('May I...?') e não é usado assim com 'you' para perguntar sobre obrigação. A forma natural seria 'Must/Do you have to/Should you follow...?'. As demais frases usam corretamente 'should', 'might' e 'couldn't'. A) 'Should' indica expectativa, correto. B) 'Might' indica possibilidade, correto. D) 'Should' indica expectativa, correto. E) 'Couldn't' indica incapacidade no passado, correto. Referência: Gramática inglesa: verbos modais. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Questão anulada Gabarito disponível 'Whether' expressa incerteza. 'Whether' introduz uma oração que expressa dúvida ou alternativa (se... ou não). Em 'HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be effective', há incerteza sobre a eficácia. A) Conclusão seria 'therefore'. B) Resultado seria 'so/as a result'. C) Tempo seria 'when/while'. D) Contraste seria 'but/however'. Referência: Gramática inglesa: conjunções. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Condicional do tipo 1 (presente + will). 'If approved..., the mission will launch' expressa condição real e provável no futuro. A paráfrase correta usa if + presente simples e will: 'If the council approves the mission, it will launch in 2028'. B) 'would approve' após if é incorreto na condicional 1. C) Passado + will mistura tipos. D) 'would launched' é gramaticalmente errado. E) 'will approve' após if e 'would have been launched' são incorretos. Referência: Gramática inglesa: first conditional. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Paráfrase em voz passiva, passado simples. A frase 'The spacecraft used the planet's gravity' está no passado simples ativo. A passiva correspondente é 'The planet's gravity was used by the spacecraft', mantendo tempo e sentido. A) Usa presente contínuo, mudando o tempo. C) e D) alteram o sentido. E) 'for the spacecraft' muda a estrutura e não é passiva com agente. Referência: Gramática inglesa: voz passiva. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O objetivo principal da HERA era investigar o local da colisão histórica. O texto diz que a sonda estava a caminho de investigar a cena de uma colisão histórica de asteroide, e que a missão busca descobrir o impacto causado pela sonda da NASA. As imagens de Deimos e o teste de instrumentos foram oportunidades durante o trajeto. A) Imagens de Deimos foram secundárias. B) Apophis é alvo da missão Ramses. D) Testar instrumentos foi aproveitamento da passagem por Marte. E) Dimorphos é o foco posterior, mas a opção C descreve o objetivo geral do enunciado. Referência: Texto II (AFP/VOA News, 13/03/2025). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Striping é ruído do sensor, corrigido por correção radiométrica. O striping (listras) decorre de diferenças de resposta e calibração dos detectores, sendo um erro radiométrico. Corrige-se com a correção radiométrica, que equaliza o sinal dos detectores. A) Realce melhora a visualização, não corrige o ruído. C) Correção geométrica trata de distorções de posição. D) Redução de dimensionalidade (ex.: PCA) não é a correção específica. E) Rotação espectral é transformação de bandas, não correção do ruído. Referência: Moreira (2005), Fundamentos do Sensoriamento Remoto e Metodologias de Aplicação. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Envio de correções diferenciais via internet móvel (GSM): NTRIP. O NTRIP (Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol) transmite correções diferenciais RTCM pela internet, geralmente usando redes móveis GSM/GPRS, permitindo o posicionamento em tempo real. A) PPP é posicionamento por ponto preciso, sem correções via GSM. B) PPS é o serviço de posicionamento preciso do GPS. D) DGSM não é uma técnica de posicionamento GNSS. E) ITRF é um referencial terrestre. Referência: Mônico (2008), Posicionamento pelo GNSS. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Três planos orbitais a ~23.600 km e 56º: Galileo. O Galileo europeu foi projetado com três planos orbitais circulares, altitude de cerca de 23.600 km e inclinação de aproximadamente 56º. O GPS tem seis planos a ~20.200 km e 55º, e o GLONASS tem três planos a ~19.100 km e 64,8º. A) GPS: ~20.200 km, 55º, seis planos. B) Compass/BeiDou possui configuração mista (MEO, GEO, IGSO). D) GLONASS: ~19.100 km, ~65º. E) NavIC é regional, com satélites GEO e GSO sobre a Índia. Referência: Mônico (2008), Posicionamento pelo GNSS. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Fontes de erro em medições: operacionais, instrumentais e naturais. Segundo McCormac, os erros provêm de fontes naturais (vento, temperatura, refração), instrumentais (imperfeições e ajustes) e operacionais/pessoais (limitações do operador). Grosseiros, sistemáticos e aleatórios são tipos de erro, não fontes. B) Classifica tipos de erro, não fontes. C), D) e E) misturam categorias e omitem as fontes naturais. Referência: McCormac (2007), Topografia. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível SIG com atributos em SGBD relacional e geometria em arquivos: arquitetura dual. Na arquitetura dual, os atributos convencionais ficam em um SGBD relacional (tabelas) e as representações geométricas ficam em arquivos separados, ligados por identificadores. Na arquitetura integrada, tanto atributos quanto geometrias ficam no SGBD. A) Integrada armazena também a geometria no SGBD. B), C) e E) não são arquiteturas de SIG reconhecidas nesse contexto. Referência: Câmara et al., Arquiteturas de SIG (dual e integrada). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Capacidade de distinguir variações de energia: resolução radiométrica. A resolução radiométrica é a sensibilidade do sensor para detectar diferenças no nível de energia refletida, emitida ou retroespalhada pelo alvo, expressa em níveis de cinza (bits). A) Espectral refere-se às faixas do espectro que o sensor mede. C) Espacial refere-se ao menor objeto distinguível (pixel). D) Temporal refere-se à frequência de revisita. E) Geométrica não é a resolução associada à discriminação de níveis de energia. Referência: Novo (2010), Sensoriamento Remoto: Princípios e Aplicações. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Situações posicionais das projeções planas: equatorial, horizontal (polar) e polar. Nas projeções planas (azimutais), o plano de projeção pode ocupar as posições polar, equatorial ou horizontal (oblíqua), conforme o gabarito. Já 'normal', 'transversa' e 'oblíqua' são posições típicas de superfícies cilíndricas e cônicas. A) Normal e transversa referem-se a cilindros/cones. B) Normal não é posição de projeção plana. C) Transversa não é posição de projeção plana. E) Transversa não se aplica a projeção plana. Referência: Literatura de Cartografia (projeções azimutais: polar, equatorial e horizontal/oblíqua). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Variável com valores em todos os pontos de uma região: geo-campo. No modelo conceitual de geoprocessamento, o geo-campo representa a distribuição espacial contínua de uma variável (ex.: temperatura, altitude, tipo de solo), com valor em todos os pontos da região num dado tempo. O geo-objeto, ao contrário, representa entidades individualizadas. B) Geo-objeto é entidade individual com identidade, não distribuição contínua. C) Objeto não espacial não possui localização. D) MNT é um tipo de representação/aplicação de campo, não o conceito geral. E) Região geográfica é o domínio de estudo, não a distribuição da variável. Referência: Câmara et al., Modelagem de dados geográficos (modelo Geo-Campos e Geo-Objetos). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Ângulo entre a vertical do lugar e a linha de visada, de 0º a 180º: ângulo zenital. O ângulo zenital é medido a partir da vertical do lugar (zênite) até a linha de visada, variando de 0º a 180º. Já o ângulo vertical (de altura/inclinação) é medido a partir do plano horizontal e varia de -90º a +90º. A) Ângulo vertical é medido a partir do horizonte, não da vertical. B) Horizontal é medido no plano horizontal entre direções. C) Azimutal é medido no plano horizontal a partir de uma direção de referência (0º a 360º). E) Inclinação é medida em relação ao plano horizontal. Referência: McCormac (2007), Topografia. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O radar opera nas faixas de rádio ou micro-ondas. O radar é um sensor ativo que emite a própria radiação nas faixas de rádio e micro-ondas (bandas como X, C, L, P). Por isso opera de dia ou de noite e atravessa nuvens. Logo a alternativa D está correta. A) Visível e infravermelho próximo são faixas de sensores ópticos passivos (ou lidar). B) Infravermelho próximo não é faixa de radar. C) Visível não é faixa de radar. E) Ultravioleta e raios X não são usadas por radar. Referência: Novo (2010); Moreira (2005). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.Marinha do Brasil — CP-QC-CA-FN/2025 — Prova Escrita de Conhecimentos Profissionais — Cartografia — Prova Amarela
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
According to the excerpt below, mark the correct conjunction that can be replaced for another, without changing the meaning of the text.
“But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.”
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Read the excerpts about the Text I and establish if the statements are true or false and mark the correct answer.
( ) The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest on the planet and it's stronger than the Gulf Stream and the Amazon River.
( ) The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting even vulnerable ice sheets, as also acts as a kind of barrier to invasive species.
( ) It forms part of the global ocean “conveyor belt” a specie of continuous movement and connecting only Pacific and Indian oceans.
( ) There is a complex concern about the consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current, because it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
The preposition in English plays an important role, to connect words and it might express different meanings, as noticed in “Can we stop it; weakening by 2050?”
Mark the statement which presents the correct use of prepositions.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Mark the option that presents an INCORRECT use of a modal verb.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
By reading the text: “[...] spreading them out as they drift towards the continent.”, it is correct to infer that the meaning of the underlined term is similar to:
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a “kick” that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add “another piece of the puzzle” to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's “HyperScout” and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, “we will discover asteroids at a higher rate,” he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
HERA, DART and RAMSES are proper nouns used to identify:
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a “kick” that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add “another piece of the puzzle” to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's “HyperScout” and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, “we will discover asteroids at a higher rate,” he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
In the extract: “...HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself...”, the word WHETHER conveys the idea of:Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a “kick” that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add “another piece of the puzzle” to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's “HyperScout” and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, “we will discover asteroids at a higher rate,” he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase for the following extract: “If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028”.Resolução comentada
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TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a “kick” that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add “another piece of the puzzle” to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's “HyperScout” and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, “we will discover asteroids at a higher rate,” he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase to the following extract: “The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a ‘kick’.”Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a “kick” that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add “another piece of the puzzle” to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's “HyperScout” and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, “we will discover asteroids at a higher rate,” he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
According to the text, HERA's main objective was:Resolução comentada
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Segundo Moreira (2005), o ruído Striping está associado a um lapso de reação de resposta dos detectores ao recobrirem áreas de baixa radiância após terem recoberto áreas de alta radiância. O tipo de correção mais adequado para esse ruído é:
De acordo com Mônico (2008), existem diversas técnicas e tecnologias de posicionamento GNSS. Assinale a opção que está diretamente relacionada à utilização da tecnologia GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) para o envio de correções diferenciais.
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Segundo Novo (2010), há uma resolução que descreve a capacidade do sensor de distinguir as variações no nível de energia refletida, emitida ou retroespalhada que deixa a superfície do alvo. Essa resolução é a:
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Segundo McCormac (2007), qual o ângulo formado entre a linha vertical do lugar e a linha de visada que varia de 0º a 180º?
O Radar (Radio Detecting and Ranging) é um sensor ativo que pode operar em que faixas espectrais?