← Voltar para a lista de provas Marinha do Brasil · Oficial dos Quadros Complementares (QC-FN Engenharias e QC-CA Ciências Náuticas — Área de Náutica) 51 questões nesta prova · página 1 de 3 · 47 com gabarito Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Verdadeiro/falso sobre a Corrente Circumpolar Antártica. O texto diz que a corrente é a mais forte do planeta, cinco vezes mais forte que a Corrente do Golfo e mais de 100 vezes mais forte que o Rio Amazonas (1ª V). Ela mantém a água quente afastada, protege as plataformas de gelo e funciona como barreira a espécies invasoras (2ª V). Ela conecta os oceanos Pacífico, Atlântico e Índico, não apenas Pacífico e Índico (3ª F). Enfraquecimento traria consequências profundas por seu papel no ecossistema antártico (4ª V). A) Erra ao marcar a 2ª e a 4ª como falsas. C) Erra ao marcar a 2ª como falsa, a 3ª como verdadeira e a 4ª como falsa. D) Erra ao marcar a 1ª como falsa e a 3ª como verdadeira. E) Erra ao marcar a 4ª como falsa. Referência: Texto I (BBC Future, 2025). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Uso incorreto de modal: 'May you follow...?' como pergunta. Para perguntar sobre obrigação ou possibilidade, usa-se 'Must/Should/Can you...?'. 'May you follow the present legislation?' soa incorreto, porque 'may' em pergunta pede permissão ou desejo (ex.: 'May I come in?'). Por isso a C é o uso inadequado. A) 'should' indica expectativa, o que é correto. B) 'might' indica possibilidade, o que é correto. D) 'should' indica expectativa, e a frase aparece no texto. E) 'couldn't' indica incapacidade no passado, o que é correto. Referência: Verbos modais (should, might, may, could) em inglês. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Questão anulada Gabarito disponível 'Whether' expressa incerteza/dúvida. 'Whether' introduz uma oração subordinada indireta de dúvida ('se'). No trecho, a HERA quer descobrir se a técnica poderia ser eficaz, o que indica algo ainda incerto. A) conclusão seria 'therefore' ou 'thus'. B) resultado seria 'so' ou 'as a result'. C) tempo seria 'when' ou 'while'. D) contraste seria 'but', 'however' ou 'although'. Referência: Conjunções e conectivos em inglês: whether = if (dúvida). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Paráfrase de oração condicional tipo 1 (real/futura). A oração original, 'If approved by the council, the mission will launch in 2028', é uma condicional do tipo 1 (if + presente, will + verbo). A opção A mantém essa estrutura na voz ativa e conserva o sentido: 'If the council approves..., it will launch in 2028'. B) 'would' depois de 'if' é incorreto na condicional tipo 1. C) 'approved' (passado) com 'will' mistura estruturas. D) 'would launched' é gramaticalmente errado. E) 'will approve' depois de 'if' e 'would have been launched' formam uma estrutura incoerente. Referência: Condicional tipo 1 (First Conditional) em inglês. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Voz passiva do passado simples: 'was used by'. 'The spacecraft used the planet's gravity' está no passado simples, ativa. A passiva correspondente é 'The planet's gravity was used by the spacecraft to get a kick'. A) 'is being used' está no presente contínuo. C e D mudam o sentido. E) 'for the spacecraft to get' altera a estrutura e o sentido de finalidade. Referência: Voz passiva no passado simples (was/were + particípio). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O objetivo principal da HERA é investigar a cena da colisão histórica. O texto abre dizendo que a espaçonave estava 'on the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision'. As imagens de Deimos foram um teste feito durante o trajeto, não o objetivo principal. A) as imagens de Deimos foram apenas uma oportunidade durante a passagem por Marte. B) Apophis é alvo da missão Ramses, não da HERA. D) testar instrumentos foi uma atividade secundária. E) Dimorphos é o asteroide a ser estudado, mas a opção não descreve o objetivo geral de investigar a colisão. Referência: Text II, primeiro parágrafo. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível 293 decimal = 0x125 = 0000 0001 0010 0101. 293 = 1·256 + 2·16 + 5, então em hexadecimal é 125. Em binário de 16 bits, cada dígito vira 4 bits: 0000 0001 0010 0101. As demais sequências correspondem a outros valores hexadecimais, como 227, 15D2, 1625 e 521, e não a 125. Referência: Sistemas de numeração: conversão decimal, hexadecimal e binário. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Teorema de Bayes: P(defeituoso | positivo) ≈ 0,308. P(+|D)=0,20, P(D)=0,10, P(+|ND)=0,05, P(ND)=0,90. Então P(D|+) = 0,02/(0,02+0,045) = 0,02/0,065 ≈ 0,308. As demais opções resultam de erros de cálculo ou de usar probabilidades incorretas. Referência: Teorema de Bayes. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível T(x,y,z) = (y, −x, 0): imagem é x'∈[−2,5], y'∈[−3,−1]. O produto vetorial (x,y,z)×(0,0,1) é (y, −x, 0). Para os pontos de Q, x∈[1,3] e y∈[−2,5], a nova coordenada x' = y varia em [−2,5] e a nova coordenada y' = −x varia em [−3,−1]. As demais opções trocam ou erram os intervalos ou o sinal das coordenadas. Referência: Transformações lineares e produto vetorial. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponívelMarinha do Brasil — CP-QC-CA-FN/2025 — Eletrônica — Prova Amarela
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
According to the excerpt below, mark the correct conjunction that can be replaced for another, without changing the meaning of the text.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Read the excerpts about the Text I and establish if the statements are true or false and mark the correct answer.
( ) The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest on the planet and it's stronger than the Gulf Stream and the Amazon River.
( ) The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting even vulnerable ice sheets, as also acts as a kind of barrier to invasive species.
( ) It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" a specie of continuous movement and connecting only Pacific and Indian oceans.
( ) There is a complex concern about the consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current, because it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Mark the option that presents an INCORRECT use of a modal verb.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
![Texto do enunciado: By reading the text: "[...] spreading them out as they drift towards the continent.", it is correct to infer that the meaning of the underlined term is similar to: — com as palavras "spreading" e "out" sublinhadas.](https://vaiconcursos.com/wp-content/uploads/questoes-v4/imagens/b7cc302683a4e6348c09cd7dcd06cc32a0aabdd6c5d2be6f2b79c3348c5d6390/q005_img_01.png)
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
HERA, DART and RAMSES are proper nouns used to identify:
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
In the extract: "...HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself...", the word WHETHER conveys the idea of:Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase for the following extract: "If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028".Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase to the following extract: "The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a 'kick'."Resolução comentada
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TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
According to the text, HERA's main objective was:Resolução comentada
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![Texto do enunciado: Um sistema linear invariante no tempo apresenta resposta ao impulso dada por h[n] = 2 elevado a menos módulo de n. O valor de sua resposta em frequência H(e elevado a jw) em w = 0 é dado por:](https://vaiconcursos.com/wp-content/uploads/questoes-v4/imagens/b7cc302683a4e6348c09cd7dcd06cc32a0aabdd6c5d2be6f2b79c3348c5d6390/q014_img_01.png)
Com base nessas informações, assinale a opção que apresenta os valores corretos das tensões V₁, V₂ e da corrente I, respectivamente.
Com base nessas informações, assinale a opção correta.
Uma importante aplicação do diodo encontra-se nos reguladores de tensão, onde é explorada a operação na zona de ruptura inversa de diodos especiais, os chamados diodos Zener. Para o regulador sem carga representado na figura acima, considere que o diodo Zener é modelado por uma fonte de tensão fixa VZ0 em série com a sua resistência interna rz. Considerando também a tensão de alimentação E e o resistor R, conforme mostrados na figura acima, assinale a opção que apresenta o valor Vo.Resolução comentada
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Demais dados:
V₁ = cos (ωt);
V₂ = 2cos (ωt);
Rf = 1,2 kΩ;
R₁ = 30 Ω;
R₂ = 40 Ω; e
R₃ = 60 Ω;
Com base nessas informações, encontre os valores inteiros de k que fazem com que a tensão de saída Vₒ seja igual a −120cos (ωt) e assinale a opção correta.
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Tomando as condições iniciais y (0) = 3 e y'(0) = 2, resolva a equação diferencial y'' + 2y' + 3y = 0 e assinale a opção correta.
Converta o número decimal 293₁₀ para o sistema de numeração hexadecimal e assinale a opção que apresenta o número convertido no sistema de numeração binário com 16 bits.
Uma fábrica produz componentes eletrônicos e uma inspeção é conduzida periodicamente para verificar se há defeitos de fabricação. Historicamente, 10% dos componentes apresentam defeitos. Quando o produto é defeituoso, o teste detecta corretamente a presença de defeito em 20% das vezes. Quando ele não é defeituoso, ele ainda pode ser identificado incorretamente como defeituoso em 5% das vezes. Um produto foi testado e o resultado foi positivo. Com base nessas informações, a probabilidade de o produto ser realmente defeituoso é de:
Considere o circuito abaixo.
Observe o circuito com transistor bipolar de junção abaixo.
Examine a figura abaixo.
Seja o produto vetorial dos vetores u e v definidos por u x v e considere T: R³ → R³, definida por T(u) = u x (0, 0, 1). Qual a imagem do retângulo Q = {(x, y, 0) ϵ R³: 1≤ x ≤ 3, -2 ≤ y ≤ 5} por T?
Observe o circuito amplificador somador abaixo. Considere o amplificador operacional como ideal e a tensão de entrada