← Voltar para a lista de provas Marinha do Brasil · Oficial dos Quadros Complementares (CP-QC-CA-FN) — Química 51 questões nesta prova · página 1 de 3 · 49 com gabarito Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível V, V, F, V. O texto afirma que a corrente é a mais forte e supera o Gulf Stream e o Amazonas, que protege as geleiras e barra espécies invasoras, que conecta os oceanos Pacífico, Atlântico e Índico, e que as consequências de seu enfraquecimento são profundas. A terceira é falsa, pois a esteira conecta também o Atlântico, não apenas Pacífico e Índico. As demais alternativas erram ao marcar a 2ª ou a 4ª como falsa, ou a 3ª como verdadeira. Referência: Texto I Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível 'May you follow...?' é uso incorreto de modal. Para pedir a alguém que cumpra a legislação ou perguntar sobre obrigação ou capacidade, usa-se 'Must/Should/Can you...'. 'May you...?' em pergunta soa inadequado, pois 'may' em perguntas pede permissão em primeira pessoa (May I...?). A) Correta: 'should' expressa expectativa. B) Correta: 'might' expressa possibilidade. D) Correta: aparece no texto. E) Correta: 'couldn't' expressa incapacidade no passado. Referência: Modal verbs Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Questão anulada Gabarito disponível Whether expressa incerteza/dúvida. 'Whether' introduz uma oração indireta de dúvida, equivalente a 'se'. Indica que a eficácia da técnica ainda é incerta. A) Errada: conclusão seria 'therefore'. B) Errada: resultado seria 'so'. C) Errada: tempo seria 'when'. D) Errada: contraste seria 'but' ou 'however'. Referência: Conjunções Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Condicional do tipo 1 reescrita na voz ativa. 'If approved by the council, the mission will launch' equivale a 'If the council approves the mission, it will launch'. Usa-se presente simples na oração com if e will na principal. B) Errada: 'would' na oração com if. C) Errada: passado simples com will mistura tipos. D) Errada: 'would launched' é agramatical. E) Errada: 'will' no if e 'would have been launched' são incorretos. Referência: First conditional Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Voz passiva de 'The spacecraft used the planet's gravity'. Passando para a voz passiva no passado simples, o objeto vira sujeito: 'The planet's gravity was used by the spacecraft to get a kick'. A) Errada: está no presente contínuo. C) e D) Erradas: mudam o sentido. E) Errada: 'for the spacecraft to get' altera a estrutura e o agente. Referência: Voz passiva (simple past) Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O objetivo principal da HERA é investigar a cena da colisão asteroide histórica. O texto diz que a HERA seguia para investigar o local da colisão do DART com o asteroide, para descobrir o impacto causado. Portanto o objetivo principal é a alternativa C. A) Errada: as imagens de Deimos foram uma oportunidade no caminho. B) Errada: Apophis é alvo da missão Ramses. D) Errada: testar instrumentos foi aproveitamento durante a passagem por Marte. E) Errada: Dimorphos é o asteroide, mas a questão pede o objetivo central, que é investigar a colisão. Referência: Texto II, 1º e 2º parágrafos Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Grignard + butanona dá álcool terciário. Cetonas reagem com Grignard formando álcoois terciários. A butanona é cetona, então o produto é terciário. A) Errada: o propanal é aldeído e dá álcool secundário. B) Errada: a propanona é cetona e dá álcool terciário. C) Errada: o etanal é aldeído e dá secundário. D) Errada: o metanal dá álcool primário. Referência: Reagentes de Grignard com compostos carbonílicos Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Cetonas aromáticas são obtidas pela acilação de Friedel-Crafts. Na acilação de Friedel-Crafts, um areno reage com cloreto de acila na presença de AlCl3 e forma uma aril-cetona. É uma síntese clássica de cetonas. A) Errada: a ozonólise é feita em alcenos, não em alcanos. B) Errada: a oxidação de Swern de álcoois primários gera aldeídos (cetonas só a partir de secundários). C) Errada: Grignard com hidroxila não forma cetona (apenas desprotona). D) Errada: a sulfonação gera ácidos sulfônicos. Referência: Síntese de cetonas Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível Sequência V, F, V, V. Misturas são separáveis por métodos físicos e mantêm as propriedades de seus componentes. Misturas homogêneas têm composição uniforme em toda a amostra. Decantação, filtração e destilação são técnicas de separação. A afirmativa 2 é falsa, pois as misturas retêm as propriedades dos constituintes. A afirmativa 4 é verdadeira. Por isso A, C, D e E, que divergem da sequência V-F-V-V, estão erradas. Referência: Misturas e métodos de separação Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O-diclorobenzeno é polar, logo predomina dipolo-dipolo. Na posição orto, os dois momentos dipolares das ligações C–Cl não se anulam, então a molécula é polar. Entre moléculas polares, a interação predominante é dipolo-dipolo. A) e B) Erradas: não há íons no líquido molecular. C) Errada: London existe, mas não é a predominante em molécula polar. D) Errada: dipolo-dipolo induzido ocorre entre molécula polar e apolar. Referência: Forças intermoleculares Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Ligação tripla é mais curta e mais forte que a dupla. Para o mesmo par de átomos, quanto maior a ordem de ligação, menor o comprimento e maior a energia de ligação. Assim, dizer que a tripla é mais fraca é incorreto, e C é a alternativa pedida. A) Correta: os comprimentos de ligação determinam a geometria e o volume molecular. B) Correta: não metais compartilham elétrons. D) Correta: a energia de ligação varia de acordo com o tamanho dos átomos. E) Correta: a energia reticular aumenta com cargas maiores e raios menores. Referência: Ligações químicas: ordem, comprimento e energia Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Álcool isopropílico = 2-propanol; ácido acético = ácido etanoico; acetato de metila = etanoato de metila. O álcool isopropílico é CH3CH(OH)CH3, ou seja, 2-propanol. O ácido acético tem 2 carbonos (etanoico). O acetato de metila é o éster do ácido etanoico com metanol, chamado etanoato de metila. A) Errada: o ácido acético não é propanoico e o éster não corresponde. B) Errada: 1-propanol não é o isopropílico e o éster não é propanoato. D) Errada: 2-metil-1-propanol é o isobutílico, e o éster não é metanoato. E) Errada: 2-metil-2-propanol é o terc-butílico, e o ácido e o éster também não conferem. Referência: Nomenclatura IUPAC de álcoois, ácidos e ésteres Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Hidróxidos alcalino-terrosos são bases fortes, exceto Be(OH)2 (anfótero). Os hidróxidos do grupo 2 são bases (a força e a solubilidade crescem no grupo), mas o Be(OH)2 é anfótero. A afirmativa D traz a descrição aceita. A) Errada: nas CNTP formam óxidos normais; o peróxido de bário é o que se forma mais facilmente, e o enunciado inverte a lógica. B) Errada: formam íons 2+ com facilidade, com energias de ionização relativamente baixas. C) Errada: os alcalinos são leves, mas têm baixos pontos de fusão. E) Errada: o BeO é praticamente inerte à água, enquanto CaO, SrO e BaO reagem com ela. Referência: Química inorgânica: grupos 1 e 2 Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.Marinha do Brasil — CP-QC-CA-FN/2025 — Química — Prova Amarela
Read the text below and answer questions 1 to 5.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
According to the excerpt below, mark the correct conjunction that can be replaced for another, without changing the meaning of the text.
Read the text below and answer questions 1 to 5.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Read the excerpts about the Text I and establish if the statements are true or false and mark the correct answer.
( ) The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest on the planet and it's stronger than the Gulf Stream and the Amazon River.
( ) The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting even vulnerable ice sheets, as also acts as a kind of barrier to invasive species.
( ) It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" a specie of continuous movement and connecting only Pacific and Indian oceans.
( ) There is a complex concern about the consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current, because it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Read the text below and answer questions 1 to 5.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Mark the statement which presents the correct use of prepositions.
Read the text below and answer questions 1 to 5.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
Mark the option that presents an INCORRECT use of a modal verb.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Read the text below and answer questions 1 to 5.
TEXT I
The world's strongest ocean current should be getting faster - instead, it is at risk of failing.
Antarctica's remote and mysterious current has a profound influence on the climate, food systems and Antarctic ecosystems. Can we stop it weakening by 2050? The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the strongest ocean current on the planet. It's five times stronger than the Gulf Stream and more than 100 times stronger than the Amazon River. It forms part of the global ocean "conveyor belt" connecting the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. The system regulates Earth's climate and pumps water, heat and nutrients around the globe. But fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is like a moat around the icy continent. The current helps to keep warm water at bay, protecting vulnerable ice sheets. It also acts as a barrier to invasive species such as southern bull kelp and any animals hitching a ride on these rafts, spreading them out as they drift towards the continent. It also plays a big part in regulating the Earth's climate.
The influence of climate change:
Ocean currents respond to changes in temperature, salt levels, wind patterns and sea ice extent. So the global ocean conveyor belt is vulnerable to climate change on multiple fronts. Previous research suggested one vital part of this conveyor belt could be headed for a catastrophic collapse. Theoretically, warming water around Antarctica should speed up the current. This is because density changes and winds around Antarctica dictate the strength of the current. Warm water is less dense (or heavy) and this should be enough to speed up the current.
Far-reaching consequences:
The consequences of a weaker Antarctic Circumpolar Current are profound and far-reaching. As the main current that circulates nutrient-rich waters around Antarctica, it plays a crucial role in the Antarctic ecosystem. Weakening of the current could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that many coastal communities rely on. It could also aid the entry of invasive species such as southern bull kelp to Antarctica, disrupting local ecosystems and food webs.
(Adapted from: www.bbcnews/fuure/article/20250303-the-worlds-strongest-ocean-current-is-at-risck)
![Parágrafo: "By reading the text: "[...] spreading them out as they drift towards the continent.", it is correct to infer that the meaning of the underlined term is similar to:". As palavras "spreading" e "out" estão sublinhadas.](https://vaiconcursos.com/wp-content/uploads/questoes-v4/imagens/426a831049f9c61409a207723a79374d5e8ff82565a787b6e50ef4429f8a898b/q005_img_01.png)
Read the text below and answer questions 6 to 10.
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
HERA, DART and RAMSES are proper nouns used to identify:
Read the text below and answer questions 6 to 10.
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
In the extract: "...HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself...", the word WHETHER conveys the idea of:Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Read the text below and answer questions 6 to 10.
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase for the following extract: "If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028".Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Read the text below and answer questions 6 to 10.
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
Mark the correct option that presents a paraphrase to the following extract: "The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a 'kick'."Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Read the text below and answer questions 6 to 10.
TEXT II
TITLE: Asteroid probe snaps rare images of Martian Moon
March 13, 2025 3:29 PM
By Agence France-Press
Paris -
On the way to investigate the scene of a historic asteroid collision, a European spacecraft swung by Mars and captured rare images of the red planet's mysterious small moon Deimos, the European Space Agency said Thursday.
Europe's HERA mission is aiming to find out how much of an impact a NASA spacecraft made when it deliberately smashed into an asteroid in 2022 in the first test of our planetary defenses.
But HERA will not reach the asteroid - which is 11 million kilometers from Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter - until late 2026.
On the long voyage there, the spacecraft swung around Mars on Wednesday.
The spacecraft used the planet's gravity to get a "kick" that also changed its direction and saved fuel, mission analyst Pablo Munoz told a press conference.
For an hour, HERA flew as close as 5,600 kilometers from the Martian surface, at a speed of 33,480 kilometers an hour.
It used the opportunity to test some of its scientific instruments, snapping around 600 pictures, including rare ones of Deimos.
The lumpy, 12.5-kilometer-wide moon is the smaller and less well-known of the two moons of Mars.
Exactly how Deimos and the bigger Phobos were formed remains a matter of debate.
Some scientists believe they were once asteroids that were captured in the gravity of Mars, while others think they could have been shot from a massive impact on the surface.
The new images add "another piece of the puzzle" to efforts to determine their origin, Marcel Popescu of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy said.
There are hopes that data from HERA's "HyperScout" and thermal infrared imagers - which observe colors beyond the limits of the human eye - will shed light on this mystery by discovering more about the moon's composition.
Those infrared imagers are why the red planet appears blue in some of the photos.
Next, HERA will turn its focus back to asteroid Dimorphos.
When NASA's DART mission smashed into Dimorphos in 2022, it shortened the 160-meter-wide asteroid's orbit around its big brother Didymos by 33 minutes.
Although Dimorphos itself posed no threat to Earth, HERA intends to discover whether this technique could be an effective way for Earth to defend itself against possibly existence-threatening asteroids in the future.
Space agencies have been working to ramp up Earth's planetary defences, monitoring for potential threats so they can be dealt with as soon as possible.
Earlier this year, a newly discovered asteroid capable of destroying a city was briefly given a more than 3% chance of hitting Earth in 2032.
However further observations sent the chances of a direct hit back down to nearly zero.
Richard Moissl, head of the ESA's planetary defense office, said that asteroid, 2024 YR, followed a pattern that will become more common.
As we get better at scanning the skies, "we will discover asteroids at a higher rate," he said.
The ESA is developing a secondary planetary defense mission to observe the 350-meter-wide asteroid Apophis, which will fly just 32,000 kilometers from Earth on April 13, 2029.
If approved by the ESA's ministerial council, the Ramses mission will launch in 2028, reaching the asteroid two months before it approaches Earth.
(Adapted from: https://www.voanews.com/a/asteroid-probe-snaps-rare-images-of-martian-moon/8009850.html )
According to the text, HERA's main objective was:Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Com base nessas informações, assinale a opção que apresenta a ordem total da reação e o valor aproximado da constante de velocidade, respectivamente.
NH₃(g) + O₂(g) ⇄ N₂(g) + H₂O(g)
Em termos das pressões parciais dos componentes da reação acima, assinale a opção que apresenta a expressão correta da constante de equilíbrio da reação.
( ) Os componentes de uma mistura podem ser separados por técnicas físicas.
( ) As misturas não retêm as propriedades de seus constituintes.
( ) Em algumas misturas, os íons ou moléculas componentes estão tão dispersos que a composição é a mesma em toda a amostra, independentemente do tamanho.
( ) Decantação, filtração e destilação são exemplos de técnicas de separação de misturas.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Texto-base:
Reagentes de Grignard são importantes na produção de diferentes álcoois. Com relação aos produtos de reagentes de Grignard com compostos carbonílicos, assinale a opção correta.
Compostos orgânicos podem, muitas vezes, ser sintetizados de diferentes formas. Com base nos conhecimentos da síntese de cetonas, é possível sintetizá-las através da:
Uma solução de AgNO₃ foi preparada dissolvendo-se certa quantidade do sal em água. Em seguida, excesso de NaI foi adicionado a 50,0 mL dessa solução, formando um precipitado amarelado. Sabendo que a massa total do precipitado foi de 1,76 g, e que o rendimento da reação foi de 80%, qual era, aproximadamente, a concentração molar do AgNO₃ na solução original?
Os dados cinéticos apresentados abaixo foram obtidos para a reação 3A(g) + B(g) → C(g) + 2D(g).
Considere a reação de oxidação da amônia abaixo.
Coloque F (falso) ou V (verdadeiro) nas afirmativas abaixo, com relação a misturas, assinalando a seguir a opção que apresenta a sequência correta.
Assinale a opção que apresenta a interação intermolecular predominante esperada entre as moléculas do o-dicloro-benzeno no estado líquido.
Sobre as ligações químicas, assinale a opção INCORRETA.
O álcool isopropílico, o ácido acético e o acetato de metila são moléculas consideradas derivadas dos hidrocarbonetos, em que um ou mais hidrogênios foram substituídos por novos átomos ou grupos de átomos, chamados grupos funcionais. De acordo com a nomenclatura IUPAC, os nomes dos compostos acima são, respectivamente:
Com relação aos metais alcalinos e alcalino-terrosos, assinale a opção correta.