← Voltar para a lista de provas Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Ar (EPCAR) — Comando da Aeronáutica · Exame de Admissão ao CPCAR 2020 (Curso Preparatório de Cadetes do Ar) 49 questões nesta prova · página 3 de 3 · 45 com gabarito Gabarito disponível O plural de 'life' é 'lives'. Substantivos terminados em -fe trocam por -ves no plural: life → lives. A) Errada: o plural de 'basis' é 'bases'. B) Errada: o plural de 'galaxy' é 'galaxies'. D) Errada: o plural de 'search' é 'searches'; 'searchers' significa 'pesquisadores'. Referência: Plural dos substantivos. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'What' não pode funcionar como pronome relativo para 'instruments'. Em 'instruments what can provide', o relativo correto seria 'that' ou 'which'. 'What' não introduz oração adjetiva com antecedente. A) Correta: 'where' para lugar. B) Correta: 'when' para tempo. C) Correta: 'who' para pessoas. Referência: Pronomes relativos: who, which, that, where, when. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'None' retoma 'noises'. Em 'detected some cosmic noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens', 'none' substitui os ruídos cósmicos detectados. B) Errada: 'project' é o sujeito, mas 'none' indica ruídos. C) Errada: 'aliens' é o termo ao qual se atribui. D) Errada: 'no one' não aparece como antecedente. Referência: Referência pronominal (anáfora). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Primeira condicional: if + presente simples. A oração principal está em 'will happen', logo a condicional é do tipo 1, e a oração com 'if' leva o presente simples: 'if they use'. A) Errada: 'will' não se usa após 'if' nesse caso. B) Errada: 'using' não forma verbo finito. D) Errada: 'are going to use' é futuro, não usado após 'if' aqui. Referência: First conditional: if + present simple, will + verbo. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'No, we haven't' é a única resposta que não corresponde ao auxiliar 'do'. A pergunta 'Do we have...?' pede resposta com 'do/don't'. 'No, we haven't' usa 'have' como auxiliar, que não responde adequadamente a essa pergunta. B) 'Probably not' é resposta curta válida. C) 'I don't think so' é válida. D) 'No, we don't' é a resposta curta gramaticalmente correta. Referência: Respostas curtas: o auxiliar da resposta repete o da pergunta. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O texto combina fatos científicos e possibilidades sobre vida fora da Terra. O texto apresenta dados concretos (projetos, planetas detectados) e levanta hipóteses sobre civilizações e formas de vida. Assim, baseia-se em fatos e possibilidades. A) Errada: não se apoia em erros nem negações. B) Errada: não há mentiras. C) Errada: não trata de falhas. Referência: Texto 'The search for life beyond Earth'. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Gabarito disponível A autora conclui que o assunto ainda é incerto. O texto termina com 'Time will tell—and the search continues', indicando que ainda não há resposta definitiva sobre vida extraterrestre. B) Errada: o texto diz que provavelmente não se achará vida inteligente próxima. C) Errada: 'time will tell' mostra que as respostas ainda não vieram. D) Errada: afirma haver chance de achar formas de vida mais simples. Referência: Texto, último parágrafo (linhas 74-77). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Sem padrão de resposta — pratique a escrita OrientaçõesEPCAR — Exame de Admissão ao CPCAR 2020 — Língua Portuguesa, Matemática, Língua Inglesa e Redação — Versão A
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
Considering the plural form of the nouns, mark the correct alternative.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
The word none (line 57) refers toResolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
Mark the alternative that completes the sentence below correctly.
All exploration will happen if they ___ robotic space probes.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
“Do we have neighbours beyond Earth?” (lines 76 and 77).
One of the alternatives DOESN’T answer the question. Mark it.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
The content of the text is based onResolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
Read the sentences from the text and classify them. The underlined excerpts are examples of
Directions: Read the text below and answer questions 33 to 48 according to the text.
TEXT
The search for life beyond Earth
We have always been fascinated by the thought of
alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has
provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction
stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.
5 But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of
space or on other planets or moons? And are there
other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more
likely to find something much simpler?
Where are all the aliens?
10 Our Sun is just one star among billions in our
galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected
thousands of planets around other stars and it seems
that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore
likely that there will be large numbers of habitable
15 planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are
capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these
intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have
even developed interstellar travel.
Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or
20 are we more likely to find something much simpler?
But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent
aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,
combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is
called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist
25 Enrico Fermi who first outlined¹ the argument back in
1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?
Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to
rationalise this question by developing an equation that
takes into account² all the factors relevant to finding
30 alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number
of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be
able to communicate with us. It considers factors such
as the rate³ of new star formation, how many planets
around those new and existing stars might be able to
35 support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent
life, how many of those civilisations might have
technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to
communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence
40 Scientists and radio astronomers have started the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a
systematic manner. Several international organisations,
including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are
using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have
45 been produced by intelligent life.
In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,
which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes
in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West
Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;
50 and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.
During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the
Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202
Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the
end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a
55 total of 800 ‘nearby’⁴ (up to 240 light years away) stars
for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic
noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.
These days, anyone can become involved in the
search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their
60 personal computer.
While there’s currently excitement about sending
human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet
are at this stage pretty much not feasible⁵ the distances
and travel times involved are simply too great.
65 Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need
to be done using robotic space probes⁶ and landing
rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of
information and are capable of exploring as far away as
Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as
70 for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are
several light years away, and even communications by
electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of
light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.
While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close
75 to home, there’s a chance we may still find much
simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond
Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.
(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-life-beyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)
Glossary:
1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something
2. to take into account – consider something
3. rate – expansion
4. nearby – short distance away
5. feasible – appropriate; suitable
6. space probe – spy satellite
The author concludes thatResolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
TEXTO I
Cadê o papel-carbono?
Outro dia tive saudade do papel carbono. E tive
saudade também do mimeógrafo a álcool. E tive
saudade da velha máquina de escrever. E tive saudade
de quando, no dizer de Rubem Braga, a geladeira era
5 branca e o telefone era preto.
Os mais jovens não sabem nem o que é papel
carbono ou mimeógrafo a álcool. Mas tive saudade
deles, ou melhor, de um tempo em que eu não dependia
eletronicamente de outros para fazer as mínimas
10 tarefas. Uma torneira, por exemplo, era algo simples. Eu
sabia abrir uma torneira e fazê-la jorrar água. Hoje tomar
um banho é uma peripécia tecnológica. Hoje até para
tomar um elevador tenho que inserir um cartão
eletrônico para ele se mover. Claro que tem o Google,
15 essa enciclopédia no computador que facilita as
pesquisas (para quem não precisa ir fundo nos
assuntos), mas muita coisa me intriga: por que cada
aparelho de televisão de cada casa, de cada hotel tem
um controle remoto diferente e a gente não consegue
20 usá-los sem pedir socorro a alguém?
Olha, tanta tecnologia!...Mas além de não terem
descoberto como curar uma simples gripe, os
elevadores dos hotéis ainda não chegaram a uma
conclusão de como assinalar no mostrador que letra
25 deve indicar a portaria. Será necessária uma medida
provisória do presidente para uniformizar tal diversidade
analfabética.
Outro dia, li que houve uma reunião em Baku,
lá no Azerbaijão, congregando cérebros notáveis para
30 decifrarem nosso presente e nosso futuro. Pois Jean
Baudrillard andou dizendo, com aquela facilidade que os
franceses têm para fazer frases que parecem filosóficas,
que o que caracteriza essa época que está vindo por aí
é que o homem, leia-se corretamente homens e
35 mulheres, ou seja, o ser humano, foi descartado pela
máquina. (Isso a gente já sabe quando tenta ligar para
uma firma qualquer e uma voz eletrônica fica mandando
a gente discar isto e aquilo e volta tudo a zero e não
obtemos a informação necessária.)
40 Deste modo estão se cumprindo dois vaticínios.
O primeiro era de um vate mesmo – Vinícius de Moraes,
que naquele poema “Dia da Criação”, fazendo
considerações irônicas sobre o dia de “sábado” e os
desígnios divinos, diz: “Na verdade, o homem não era
45 necessário”. É isto, já não somos necessários.
E a outra frase metida nessa encrenca é aquela
da Bíblia, que dizia que o “sábado foi feito para o
homem e não o homem para o sábado”. Isso foi
antigamente. Pois achávamos que a máquina havia sido
50 feita para o homem, mas Baudrillard, as companhias
aéreas e as telefônicas mais os servidores de
informática nos convenceram de que “o homem é que
foi feito para a máquina”. Ao telefone só se fala com
máquinas, e algumas empresas – esses servidores de
55 informática – nem seus telefones disponibilizam. Estou,
por exemplo, há quatro meses tentando falar com
alguém no “hotmail” e lá não tem viv’alma, só
fantasmas eletrônicos sem rosto e sem voz.
Permita-me, eventual e concreto leitor, lhe fazer
60 uma pergunta indiscreta. Quanto tempo diariamente
você está gastando com e-mails? Quanto tempo para
apagar o lixo e responder bobagens? Faça a conta,
some.
Drummond certa vez escreveu: “Ao telefone
65 perdeste muito tempo de semear”. Ele é porque não
conheceu a internet, que, tanto quanto o celular, usada
desregradamente é a grande sorvedora de tempo da
pós-modernidade.
Por estas e por outras é que estou pensando
70 seriamente em voltar às cartas, quem sabe ao
pergaminho. E a primeira medida é reencontrar o papel
carbono.
– Cadê meu papel carbono?
(SANT’ANNA, Affonso Romano de. Tempo de delicadeza. Porto Alegre: L&PM, 2009)
TEXTO II
Ladainha II
Por que o raciocínio,
os músculos, os ossos?
A automação, ócio dourado.
O cérebro eletrônico, o músculo
5 mecânico
mais fáceis que um sorriso.
Por que o coração?
O de metal não tornará o homem
10 mais cordial,
dando-lhe um ritmo extra-corporal?
Por que levantar o braço
para colher o fruto?
15 A máquina o fará por nós.
Por que labutar no campo, na cidade?
A máquina o fará por nós.
Por que pensar, imaginar?
A máquina o fará por nós.
20 Por que fazer um poema?
A máquina o fará por nós.
Por que subir a escada de Jacó?
A máquina o fará por nós.
Ó máquina, orai por nós.
(RICARDO, Cassiano. Jeremias sem-chorar. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio, 1964.)
TEXTO III
Quando
Quando você me clica,
quando você me conecta, me liga,
quando entra nos meus programas, nas minhas janelas,
quando você me acende, me printa, me encompassa,
5 me sublinha, me funde e me tria:
meus pensamentos esvoaçam,
meus títulos se põem maiúsculos,
e meu coração troveja!
(CAPPARELLI, Sérgio. 33 ciberpoemas e uma fábula digital. Porto Alegre: L&PM, 2001.)
PROVA DE REDAÇÃO
Com base nos textos da prova de Língua Portuguesa e no seu conhecimento de mundo, escreva um texto expositivo ou argumentativo, em prosa, refletindo sobre o problema apresentado no parágrafo a seguir, extraído do texto I:
Drummond certa vez escreveu: “Ao telefone perdeste muito tempo de semear”. Ele é porque não conheceu a internet, que, tanto quanto o celular, usada desregradamente é a grande sorvedora de tempo da pós-modernidade.
* grande sorvedora de tempo: aquela que rouba/toma o tempo.
• Considere os textos da prova de Língua Portuguesa como motivadores e fontes de dados. Não os copie, sob pena de ter a redação zerada.
• A redação deverá conter no mínimo 100 (cem) palavras, considerando-se palavras todas aquelas pertencentes às classes gramaticais da Língua Portuguesa.
• Recomenda-se que a redação seja escrita em letra cursiva legível. Caso seja utilizada letra de forma (caixa alta), as letras maiúsculas deverão receber o devido realce.
• Utilize caneta de tinta preta ou azul.
• Dê um título a sua redação.
Texto-base:
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