← Voltar para a lista de provas Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME) · Concurso de Admissão ao Curso de Formação e Graduação — Prova de Português e Inglês 41 questões nesta prova · página 2 de 3 · 40 com gabarito Sem padrão de resposta — pratique a escrita Seu texto deverá ter entre 25 (vinte e cinco) a 30 (trinta) linhas escritas à tinta azul ou preta. Gabarito disponível 'Might be best placed' = estarmos na melhor posição para ajudar. 'Where we might be best placed to help' significa onde estaríamos mais bem posicionados para ajudar. É a única forma gramatical e coerente. B: 'could place' exigiria objeto. C: 'been placed' não tem auxiliar. D: 'should best place' exigiria objeto. E: 'couldn't have placed' exigiria objeto e muda o sentido. Referência: Modal verbs com voz passiva. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Tackling' (gerúndio) = enfrentar um problema. 'Tackling a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline' usa o gerúndio como sujeito. 'Tackling' significa enfrentar e se liga a 'problem'. A e E: 'having solved/discussed' indicam ação concluída, o que não cabe. C: 'assessing' (avaliar) não combina com 'undertaken'. D: 'regarding' é preposição e o sentido ficaria truncado. Referência: Gerúndio como sujeito. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'At this point' = neste momento. O trecho seguinte fala de 'while we are still in the early stages', então 'At this point' situa o momento atual da crise. As demais opções têm sentido temporal incompatível. A: 'previously' remete ao passado. B: 'then' é vago e pede referência. D: 'some time after' indica futuro. E: 'next time' indica outra ocasião. Referência: Marcadores temporais. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Priority' completa 'are the priority'. Cuidados médicos de emergência e redução da pressão sobre os serviços de saúde 'are the priority' nesta fase inicial da crise. É a palavra que se encaixa no sentido. A: 'eldership' é condição de ancião. B: 'compliance' é conformidade. C: 'arrangement' é arranjo. E: 'least' não cabe com o artigo 'the' nessa estrutura. Referência: Vocabulário em contexto. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'However' contrasta com o foco clínico anterior. A frase anterior diz que se buscam clínicos e biomédicos por soluções de linha de frente. A seguinte, 'must think more broadly about materials science', contrapõe-se a isso, e 'However' marca o contraste. A: 'unless' (a menos que) não cabe. B: 'in any event' (de qualquer modo) não marca esse contraste. C: 'randomly' (aleatoriamente) não faz sentido. D: 'by doing so' pede uma ação anterior que seja o meio. Referência: Conectivos de contraste. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Have been arguably' é o tempo e o advérbio adequados. A frase generaliza sobre as vacinas: elas 'have been arguably one of the most successful interventions' em toda a história, com o presente perfeito e o advérbio 'arguably' (possivelmente). B: 'had already done' exige complemento e é passado perfeito. C: 'were done' não combina. D: 'were mostly worked' não faz sentido. E: 'have always done' exige objeto e não se liga a 'one of the most successful'. Referência: Present perfect com advérbio. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Once' = anteriormente, no passado. 'What were once fatal diseases' significa 'doenças que antes eram fatais', agora coisa do passado. 'Once' dá a noção de tempo anterior. A: 'hence' (por isso) não é advérbio de tempo passado. C: 'ever' não cabe nessa construção. D: 'upon' é preposição. E: 'likewise' (do mesmo modo) não tem sentido aqui. Referência: Advérbios de tempo. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Course of inoculations' = esquema/série de vacinações. 'A simple course of inoculations' é a expressão usada para um esquema de vacinação. Por isso 'course' é a palavra adequada. A: 'string' não forma a colocação aqui. B: 'flume' é um canal de água. C: 'amble' é passeio. D: 'track' não se combina com 'of inoculations' nesse sentido. Referência: Colocação: course of treatment/inoculations. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Remains' completa a ideia de que a vacina ainda está distante. 'A vaccine against COVID-19 remains some way into the future' significa que a vacina ainda está distante. O verbo concorda com o sujeito singular e fecha o sentido. A: 'halts' (interrompe) não faz sentido. C: 'perpetrates' (comete) não combina com vacina. D: 'subsides' (diminui) não se aplica. E: 'lengthens' (alonga) não se constrói com 'some way into the future'. Referência: Vocabulário em contexto. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Yet' introduz contraste: muitos fármacos, mas poucos alvos. A frase contrapõe mais de 90 drogas antivirais aprovadas ao fato de elas atingirem apenas nove doenças. 'Yet' (no entanto) marca bem essa oposição. A e C: 'despite' e 'regardless of' exigem substantivo ou gerúndio, não uma oração com 'these target'. B: 'yonder' significa 'lá adiante'. E: 'then' indica sequência, não contraste. Referência: Conectivos de contraste. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível A covid-19 apontou um nicho de mercado com expectativa de crescimento. O texto afirma que o coronavírus destacou usos da robótica móvel (desinfecção, monitoramento, entrega) e que o mercado crescerá até US$ 23 bilhões. Isso indica um nicho específico em expansão. A: os robôs também fornecem informações e monitoram, não há exceção no texto. B: os US$ 23 bilhões são projeção de mercado, não investimento só de governos. D: o texto não atribui o crescimento após 2021 à robótica como única responsável. E: as crises mudam percepções, não confirmam conceitos anteriores. Referência: Texto 2, parágrafo introdutório e fala de Whitton. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Várias empresas já colhem resultados positivos com seus robôs. O texto cita UVD Robots, Germ Falcon e TMiRob, todas com vendas e implantações de robôs de desinfecção. Logo, mais de uma empresa teve resultados positivos, como diz C. A: o texto não afirma que o setor privado foi obrigado a criar produtos sem operadores. B: a UVD é dinamarquesa, e não norueguesa, e o texto não diz que há uso nos EUA e na China para hospitais nesses termos. D: os governos são tratados como clientes prováveis. E: o texto não afirma que os toques de recolher não se apliquem, e a conclusão sobre drones não tem base. Referência: Texto 2, seção 'Mobile robots on display'. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'That' retoma a ideia de aumentar os aparatos de segurança e a produtividade médica. Em 'Robots will be key to achieving that', 'that' se refere ao que os governos precisarão fazer: 'increase their security apparatuses... and the productivity of their medical agencies'. O núcleo dessa ação é 'increase'. A: 'cleaning' não aparece no trecho como antecedente. B: 'term' é só o prazo (short term). C: 'robots' é o sujeito da oração, não o que será alcançado. D: 'medicine' não é o antecedente. Referência: Referência pronominal (coesão textual). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível 'Curfews' = toque de recolher. Curfew é a regra que exige que as pessoas fiquem em casa em determinados horários, o que condiz com drones usados para fiscalizar o seu cumprimento. A definição de D é a correta. A: descreve vigilância cooperativa, não toque de recolher. B: curfew não é lei antiga abandonada. C: fala de máscaras, sem relação. E: descreve tumulto, o oposto de uma restrição imposta. Referência: Vocabulário: curfew (toque de recolher). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Soluções abrangentes para ampliar a produção de suprimentos médicos. Na fala de Whitton, 'look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing' corresponde a soluções de amplo escopo para aumentar suprimentos da área da saúde. Assim, A reformula o trecho. B: o texto diz que os robôs serão 'mainstreamed', ou seja, comuns. C: o texto fala de mercados próximos ao governo (saúde, segurança, defesa), não da maioria dos mercados futuros. D: o autor afirma que a covid é um desastre para fornecedores voltados à indústria. E: o benefício se concentra em clientes ligados ao governo, não em 'qualquer cliente'. Referência: Texto 2 (Gregory Hale, ISSSource, 2020), últimos parágrafos. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O Texto 2 diz que a crise pode levar governos a trazer a manufatura de volta aos países desenvolvidos. O texto diz que governos veem a crise como chance de trazer mais capacidade de manufatura ao mercado doméstico. Isso exigiria aumentos de CAPEX e de produtividade nos países desenvolvidos, o que significa ampliar a capacidade produtiva. A alternativa C expressa essa possibilidade com 'might'. A é forte demais: 'surely' e 'became independent' não aparecem, o texto fala apenas em possibilidade. B não tem apoio no texto, que cita apenas um robô de desinfecção chinês. D contradiz o texto, que menciona soluções customizadas para casos de uso fora da manufatura. E é falsa: o texto fala em oportunidade de destacar a importância da robótica, não em soluções de escopo limitado. Referência: Texto 2, seção 'Short- and long-term opportunities'. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível A capacidade preditiva do modelo é limitada pela precisão dos dados e pelo nível de abstração. O Texto 3 afirma que, como em todo modelo matemático, a capacidade preditiva é limitada pela precisão dos dados disponíveis e pelo nível de abstração usado. A alternativa B reproduz essa ideia. A é especulativa: os textos não comparam resultados de modelos diferentes. C é falsa: apenas o Texto 4 trata do tratamento de pessoas hospitalizadas. D contradiz o Texto 3, que diz que a previsão do espalhamento ao longo do tempo é de grande importância. E contradiz o Texto 3, segundo o qual as medidas sociais influenciam os parâmetros do modelo. Referência: Texto 3, Abstract. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O Texto 4 usa dados da China para identificar os parâmetros do modelo, úteis a outros países. O abstract do Texto 4 diz que os dados reportados da China são usados para identificar os parâmetros do modelo, 'which can be of interest for estimating the spread of COVID-19 in other countries'. É o que a alternativa A afirma. B é falsa: o Texto 4 estima o erro do modelo em estágios iniciais. C é falsa: o Texto 3 se dirige a pesquisadores familiarizados com modelagem, não a leitores comuns. D é falsa: o Texto 4 afirma que os modelos precisam ser adaptados a cada doença. E é falsa: em 11 de março havia casos em 114 países, mais de cem. Referência: Texto 4, Abstract e Introdução. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O Texto 3 inclui uma breve introdução à modelagem de sistemas biológicos para um público mais amplo de pesquisadores. O abstract do Texto 3 diz que, para dar a um público mais amplo de pesquisadores uma melhor compreensão dos padrões de propagação das doenças, uma breve introdução à modelagem de sistemas biológicos é apresentada. A alternativa E resume essa ideia. A contradiz o texto, que diz que os modelos só valem sob suas hipóteses. B não é sustentada: só o Texto 4 trata de dados incompletos. C é falsa: o estudo não se restringe a maio. D extrapola: os códigos são fornecidos para reproduzir os resultados, mas o texto não afirma que a precisão possa ser verificada online. Referência: Texto 3, Abstract e Introdução. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.IME — Concurso de Admissão ao Curso de Formação e Graduação 2020/2021 — Prova de Português e Inglês
“Na trama visível, dilacerada das grandes guerras contemporâneas, reconhecem-se apenas a paisagem cultural da guerra, as nervuras de sua representação dominante. Não se veem mais, e tanto melhor, colunas de soldados em centenas de milhares chegando ao futuro campo de batalha, dispondo-se em ordem para a batalha decisiva.”
(GROS, Frédéric. Estados de violência: ensaio sobre o fim da guerra. Tradução de José Augusto da Silva. Aparecida, SP: Editora Idéias & Letras, 2009, p. 227. Texto adaptado).
“Não está completamente fora de contexto fazermos uma comparação entre uma zona de guerra, aquela onde ocorrem combates, com áreas atingidas por pandemias como a do Coronavírus ou COVID-19. Em uma guerra, os combatentes estão a mercê de serem atingidos, a qualquer momento, por disparos de um franco atirador, de morteiros, do fogo da artilharia inimiga, de bombardeios aéreos e de seus próprios companheiros, quer por erro de cálculo ou acidente.”
(Woloszyn, André Luís. O que Guerras e Pandemias têm em Comum. Disponível em: http://www.defesanet.com.br/ pw/noticia/36136/Woloszyn---O-Que-Guerras-e-Pandemias-tem-em-Comum/. Acesso em 16/04/2020).
“Os flagelos, na verdade, são uma coisa comum, mas é difícil acreditar neles quando se abatem sobre nós. Houve no mundo igual número de pestes e de guerras. E, contudo, as pestes, como as guerras, encontram sempre as pessoas igualmente desprevenidas (….) nossos concidadãos, a esse respeito, eram como todo mundo (….) não acreditavam em flagelos. O flagelo não está à altura do homem (….) Continuavam a fazer negócios, preparavam viagens e tinham as suas opiniões. Como poderiam ter pensado na peste que suprime o futuro, os deslocamentos e as discussões? Julgavam-se livres e jamais alguém será livre enquanto houver flagelos
(CAMUS, Albert. A Peste. Tradução de Valerie Rumjanek. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Record, 2017, p. 41).
Sabe-se que o mundo tem enfrentado graves problemas devido à propagação do novo coronavírus, o que tem evocado a memória dos flagelos da humanidade, que pareciam ter sido erradicados para sempre. Imersas em uma vida cotidiana marcada pela hiperatividade, excitação permanente e autopromoção digital, as pessoas foram obrigadas a suportar o isolamento, o medo da doença e do desemprego, a perda dos entes queridos, a interrupção drástica e prolongada de suas rotinas, de forma similar ao que aconteceria em um conflito armado de grandes proporções. Considerando a radicalidade da experiência da peste e da guerra, abordada nos excertos transcritos nesta prova, redija um texto dissertativo-argumentativo sobre o seguinte tema: A luta contra a COVID-19: a pandemia vivida como guerra na sociedade contemporânea. Em sua escrita, atente para as seguintes considerações:
1. Privilegie a norma culta da língua portuguesa. Eventuais equívocos morfossintáticos, erros de regência, concordância, coesão e coerência, bem como desvios da grafia vigente e a não observância das regras de acentuação serão penalizados.
2. Seu texto deverá ter entre 25 (vinte e cinco) a 30 (trinta) linhas escritas à tinta azul ou preta. A produção de texto DEVERÁ ser realizada no CADERNO DE SOLUÇÕES.
3. Não copie nem faça paráfrases de nenhuma parte dos textos apresentados neste exame, seja da prova de português ou da prova de inglês.
A produção de texto DEVERÁ ser realizada no CADERNO DE SOLUÇÕES.
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (21).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (22).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (23).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (24).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (25).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (26).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (27).Resolução comentada
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PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (28).Resolução comentada
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PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (29).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 21 A 30, ESCOLHA A ALTERNATIVA QUE COMPLETA O TEXTO 1 CORRETAMENTE.
(VALOR 0,5 / QUESTÃO)
Text 1
Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus
Annela M. Seddon
Before 2020, phrases such as “social distancing” and “lock down” were not part of our normal vocabulary; however, it seems now that they are at the core of every conversation. We scientists naturally look to see where we ____(21)____ to help as we start to piece together what this new normal means for us.
____(22)____ a problem of the magnitude of a global pandemic cannot be undertaken by a single discipline. ____(23)____, while we are still in the early stages of this crisis, where emergency medical care and reducing pressure on health services are the ____(24)____, we look to our clinicians, epidemiologists, and experts in the biomedical sciences for frontline solutions. ____(25)____, we must think more broadly about the role of materials science.
Traditionally, when we think about “viral infection” our thoughts first turn to vaccines. After all, these ____(26)____ one of the most successful public health interventions in human history, rendering what were ____(27)____ fatal or seriously debilitating diseases a thing of the past thanks to a simple ____(28)____ of inoculations. They will always remain the heavy artillery in our fight against viruses; however, in the situation we face at present, a vaccine against COVID-19 ____(29)____ some way into the future.
What then of antiviral agents? Over the last 50 years, more than 90 drugs have been approved as antivirals, ____(30)____ these target only nine human infectious diseases. It is tempting to think that the development of new antiviral agents is beyond the scope of what we traditionally call materials science, …
Adapted from: Journal of Materials Science. Materials Science in the time of Coronavirus. Available at: <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-020-04694-4> [Accessed 21st May 2020].
Lacuna (30).Resolução comentada
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PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Choose the correct option.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Choose the correct option.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Consider the following extract from Text 2.
“In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance.”
The word “that” refers to:Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Choose the option that presents the definition of the word “curfews” as in “Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes”.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Choose the correct option.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 36, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO 2 A SEGUIR.
Text 2
COVID-19’s impact on mobile robotics growth
The COVID-19 pandemic is creating the opportunity for mobile robots to be used for various markets and could lead to a reassessment of supply chains in the future.
Gregory Hale
Coronavirus has highlighted use cases for mobile robotics to successfully disinfect, monitor, look over, handle, and deliver materials to the point where the market will grow to $23 billion by 2021, new research showed.
“Crises shift perceptions on what is possible regarding investment and transformative action on the part of both private and government actors,” said Rian Whitton, senior analyst at tech market advisory firm, ABI Research. “By the time the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, robots will be mainstreamed across a range of applications and markets.”
Mobile robots on display
The virus has been a good opportunity for companies to display robots for public applications.
One of the more popular applications has been deploying mobile unmanned platforms with Ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect facilities. Danish company UVD Robots is reaping the benefits of this opportunity and is scaling up deployments of robots to disinfect hospitals.
U.S.-based Germ Falcon is offering a similar UV disinfection solution for aircraft, while Chinese TMiRob is deploying disinfection robots in Wuhan.
“Automating disinfection is a key part of maintaining health and safety and could be one of the major bright spots in the response to COVID-19,” Whitton said.
Drones have also been deployed to enforce curfews and surveil areas for security purposes.
Short- and long-term opportunities
This represents a big opportunity for aerospace and drone companies to increase sales to government agencies. ABI Research expects the small drone delivery market to reach $414 million by 2021 and $10.4 billion by 2030.
In the short term, to enforce quarantine mandates, governments will need to increase their security apparatuses, as well as the productivity of their medical agencies. Robots will be key to achieving that through disinfection, monitoring, and surveillance. Furthermore, the shutting down of households and even ships represents a chance for robot delivery companies (for both land and air) to display their worth. The drone delivery market could take its experience with transporting supplies in the developing world and scale up their operations in the most affected countries.
Long-term, COVID-19 is leading to a significant reassessment of the global manufacturing supply chain. America’s dependence on Chinese imports for basic equipment and medicines is becoming a contentious issue, and government representatives are already interpreting the crisis as a chance to revitalize the campaign to bring more manufacturing capacity to the domestic market. If this translates into more significant measures by governments to diversify or bringing back the manufacturing of key goods, this could bode very well for the robotics industry, as such changes would require big increases in CAPEX and productivity improvements within developed countries.
COVID-19 represents a disaster for robotics vendors building solutions for developed markets in manufacturing, industry, and the supply chain. But for vendors targeting markets closer to government, such as health, security, and defense, it represents a big opportunity.
Whitton said, “Industrial players develop customized solutions for non-manufacturing use cases or look to build comprehensive solutions for enabling a scale-up in medical supply manufacturing. For mobile robotics vendors and software companies targeting more nascent markets, this represents a big chance to highlight the importance of robotics for dealing with national emergencies, as well as mitigating the economic shock.”
Available at: https://isssource.com/covid-19-and-growth-of-mobile-robotics/ [Accessed 1st June 2020].
Choose the correct option.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 37 A 40, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM OS TEXTOS 3 E 4 A SEGUIR.
Text 3
Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of the COVID-19 Coronavirus
Reza Sameni
Abstract—The outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 has taken the lives of several thousands worldwide and lockedout many countries and regions, with yet unpredictable global consequences. In this research we study the epidemic patterns of this virus, from a mathematical modeling perspective. The study is based on an extension of the well-known susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) family of compartmental models. It is shown how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns, quarantine and global public health vigilance influence the model parameters, which can eventually change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time, in the real world. As with all mathematical models, the predictive ability of the model is limited by the accuracy of the available data and to the so-called level of abstraction used for modeling the problem. In order to provide the broader audience of researchers a better understanding of spreading patterns of epidemic diseases, a short introduction on biological systems modeling is also presented and the Matlab source codes for the simulations are provided online.
I. Introduction
Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 in January 2020, the virus has affected most countries and taken the lives of several thousands of people worldwide. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the situation a pandemic, the first of its kind in our generation. To date, many countries and regions have been locked-down and applied strict social distancing measures to stop the virus propagation. From a strategic and healthcare management perspective, the propagation pattern of the disease and the prediction of its spread over time is of great importance to save lives and to minimize the social and economic consequences of the disease. Within the scientific community, the problem of interest has been studied in various communities including mathematical epidemiology, biological systems modeling, signal processing and control engineering.
In this study, epidemic outbreaks are studied from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using an extension of the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model, which is a mathematical compartmental model based on the average behavior of a population under study. The objective is to provide researchers a better understanding of the significance of mathematical modeling for epidemic diseases. It is shown by simulation how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns and public health vigilance can influence the model parameters, which in turn change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time.
It should be highlighted that mathematical models applied to real-world systems (social, biological, economical, etc.) are only valid under their assumptions and hypothesis. Therefore, this research— and similar ones— that address epidemic patterns do not convey direct clinical information and dangers for the public, but they should rather be used by healthcare strategists for better planning and decision making. Hence, the study of this work is only recommended for researchers familiar with the strength points and limitations of mathematical modeling of biological systems. The Matlab codes required for reproducing the results of this research are also online available in the Git repository of the project. In Section II, a brief introduction to mathematical modeling of biological systems is presented to highlight the scope of the present study and to open perspectives for the interested researchers, who may be less familiar with the context. The proposed model for the outspread of the Coronavirus is presented in Section III. The article is concluded with some general remarks and future perspectives.
Adapted from: Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of COVID-19 Coronavirus. Available at: <arxiv.org/abs/2003.11371> [Accessed 6th June 2020].
Text 4
Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China.
B. Ivorra, M. R. Ferrández, M. Vela-Pérez and A. M. Ramosa
Abstract
In this paper we develop a mathematical model for the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is a new θ-SEIHRD model (not a SIR, SEIR or other general purpose model), which takes into account the known special characteristics of this disease, as the existence of infectious undetected cases and the different sanitary and infectiousness conditions of hospitalized people. In particular, it includes a novel approach that considers the fraction θ of detected cases over the real total infected cases, which allows to study the importance of this ratio on the impact of COVID-19. The model is also able to estimate the needs of beds in hospitals. It is complex enough to capture the most important effects, but also simple enough to allow an affordable identification of its parameters, using the data that authorities report on this pandemic.
We study the particular case of China (including Chinese Mainland, Macao, Hong-Kong and Taiwan, as done by the World Health Organization in its reports on COVID-19), and use its reported data to identify the model parameters, which can be of interest for estimating the spread of COVID-19 in other countries. We show a good agreement between the reported data and the estimations given by our model. We also study the behavior of the outputs returned by our model when considering incomplete reported data (by truncating them at some dates before and after the peak of daily reported cases). By comparing those results, we can estimate the error produced by the model when identifying the parameters at early stages of the pandemic. Finally, taking into account the advantages of the novelties introduced by our model, we study different scenarios to show how different values of the percentage of detected cases would have changed the global magnitude of COVID-19 in China, which can be of interest for policy makers.
Keywords: Mathematical model, θ-SEIHRD model, COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemic, Numerical simulation, Parameter estimation
1. Introduction
Modeling and simulation are important decision tools that can be useful to control human and animal diseases. However, since each disease exhibits its own particular biological characteristics, the models need to be adapted to each specific case in order to be able to tackle real situations.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease emerging in China in December 2019 that has rapidly spread around China and many other countries. On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) renamed the epidemic disease caused by 2019-nCoV as strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
This is a new virus and a completely new situation. On 30 January 2020, WHO declared it to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. As of 11 March 2020, the disease was confirmed in more than 118,000 cases reported globally in 114 countries, more than 90 percent of cases are in just four countries (two of those China and the Republic of Korea - have significantly declining epidemics) and WHO declared it to be a pandemic, the first one caused by a coronavirus. On 1 April 2020 there are 872,481 and 43,275 official reported cases and deaths, respectively, and there is no vaccine specifically designed for this virus, with proven effectiveness.
There are some mathematical models in the literature that try to describe the dynamics of the evolution of COVID-19. ( ... ) Other works, propose SEIR type models with little variations and some of them incorporate stochastic components. COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new virus, which is generating a worldwide emergency situation and needs a model taking into account its known specific characteristics.
Adapted from: Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China. In: Elsevier Public Health Emergency Collection, 2020. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC7190554/> [ Accessed 4th June 2020].
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PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 37 A 40, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM OS TEXTOS 3 E 4 A SEGUIR.
Text 3
Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of the COVID-19 Coronavirus
Reza Sameni
Abstract—The outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 has taken the lives of several thousands worldwide and lockedout many countries and regions, with yet unpredictable global consequences. In this research we study the epidemic patterns of this virus, from a mathematical modeling perspective. The study is based on an extension of the well-known susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) family of compartmental models. It is shown how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns, quarantine and global public health vigilance influence the model parameters, which can eventually change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time, in the real world. As with all mathematical models, the predictive ability of the model is limited by the accuracy of the available data and to the so-called level of abstraction used for modeling the problem. In order to provide the broader audience of researchers a better understanding of spreading patterns of epidemic diseases, a short introduction on biological systems modeling is also presented and the Matlab source codes for the simulations are provided online.
I. Introduction
Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 in January 2020, the virus has affected most countries and taken the lives of several thousands of people worldwide. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the situation a pandemic, the first of its kind in our generation. To date, many countries and regions have been locked-down and applied strict social distancing measures to stop the virus propagation. From a strategic and healthcare management perspective, the propagation pattern of the disease and the prediction of its spread over time is of great importance to save lives and to minimize the social and economic consequences of the disease. Within the scientific community, the problem of interest has been studied in various communities including mathematical epidemiology, biological systems modeling, signal processing and control engineering.
In this study, epidemic outbreaks are studied from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using an extension of the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model, which is a mathematical compartmental model based on the average behavior of a population under study. The objective is to provide researchers a better understanding of the significance of mathematical modeling for epidemic diseases. It is shown by simulation how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns and public health vigilance can influence the model parameters, which in turn change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time.
It should be highlighted that mathematical models applied to real-world systems (social, biological, economical, etc.) are only valid under their assumptions and hypothesis. Therefore, this research— and similar ones— that address epidemic patterns do not convey direct clinical information and dangers for the public, but they should rather be used by healthcare strategists for better planning and decision making. Hence, the study of this work is only recommended for researchers familiar with the strength points and limitations of mathematical modeling of biological systems. The Matlab codes required for reproducing the results of this research are also online available in the Git repository of the project. In Section II, a brief introduction to mathematical modeling of biological systems is presented to highlight the scope of the present study and to open perspectives for the interested researchers, who may be less familiar with the context. The proposed model for the outspread of the Coronavirus is presented in Section III. The article is concluded with some general remarks and future perspectives.
Adapted from: Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of COVID-19 Coronavirus. Available at: <arxiv.org/abs/2003.11371> [Accessed 6th June 2020].
Text 4
Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China.
B. Ivorra, M. R. Ferrández, M. Vela-Pérez and A. M. Ramosa
Abstract
In this paper we develop a mathematical model for the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is a new θ-SEIHRD model (not a SIR, SEIR or other general purpose model), which takes into account the known special characteristics of this disease, as the existence of infectious undetected cases and the different sanitary and infectiousness conditions of hospitalized people. In particular, it includes a novel approach that considers the fraction θ of detected cases over the real total infected cases, which allows to study the importance of this ratio on the impact of COVID-19. The model is also able to estimate the needs of beds in hospitals. It is complex enough to capture the most important effects, but also simple enough to allow an affordable identification of its parameters, using the data that authorities report on this pandemic.
We study the particular case of China (including Chinese Mainland, Macao, Hong-Kong and Taiwan, as done by the World Health Organization in its reports on COVID-19), and use its reported data to identify the model parameters, which can be of interest for estimating the spread of COVID-19 in other countries. We show a good agreement between the reported data and the estimations given by our model. We also study the behavior of the outputs returned by our model when considering incomplete reported data (by truncating them at some dates before and after the peak of daily reported cases). By comparing those results, we can estimate the error produced by the model when identifying the parameters at early stages of the pandemic. Finally, taking into account the advantages of the novelties introduced by our model, we study different scenarios to show how different values of the percentage of detected cases would have changed the global magnitude of COVID-19 in China, which can be of interest for policy makers.
Keywords: Mathematical model, θ-SEIHRD model, COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemic, Numerical simulation, Parameter estimation
1. Introduction
Modeling and simulation are important decision tools that can be useful to control human and animal diseases. However, since each disease exhibits its own particular biological characteristics, the models need to be adapted to each specific case in order to be able to tackle real situations.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease emerging in China in December 2019 that has rapidly spread around China and many other countries. On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) renamed the epidemic disease caused by 2019-nCoV as strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
This is a new virus and a completely new situation. On 30 January 2020, WHO declared it to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. As of 11 March 2020, the disease was confirmed in more than 118,000 cases reported globally in 114 countries, more than 90 percent of cases are in just four countries (two of those China and the Republic of Korea - have significantly declining epidemics) and WHO declared it to be a pandemic, the first one caused by a coronavirus. On 1 April 2020 there are 872,481 and 43,275 official reported cases and deaths, respectively, and there is no vaccine specifically designed for this virus, with proven effectiveness.
There are some mathematical models in the literature that try to describe the dynamics of the evolution of COVID-19. ( ... ) Other works, propose SEIR type models with little variations and some of them incorporate stochastic components. COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new virus, which is generating a worldwide emergency situation and needs a model taking into account its known specific characteristics.
Adapted from: Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China. In: Elsevier Public Health Emergency Collection, 2020. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC7190554/> [ Accessed 4th June 2020].
Choose the correct option.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 37 A 40, RESPONDA DE ACORDO COM OS TEXTOS 3 E 4 A SEGUIR.
Text 3
Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of the COVID-19 Coronavirus
Reza Sameni
Abstract—The outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 has taken the lives of several thousands worldwide and lockedout many countries and regions, with yet unpredictable global consequences. In this research we study the epidemic patterns of this virus, from a mathematical modeling perspective. The study is based on an extension of the well-known susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) family of compartmental models. It is shown how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns, quarantine and global public health vigilance influence the model parameters, which can eventually change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time, in the real world. As with all mathematical models, the predictive ability of the model is limited by the accuracy of the available data and to the so-called level of abstraction used for modeling the problem. In order to provide the broader audience of researchers a better understanding of spreading patterns of epidemic diseases, a short introduction on biological systems modeling is also presented and the Matlab source codes for the simulations are provided online.
I. Introduction
Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus COVID-19 in January 2020, the virus has affected most countries and taken the lives of several thousands of people worldwide. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the situation a pandemic, the first of its kind in our generation. To date, many countries and regions have been locked-down and applied strict social distancing measures to stop the virus propagation. From a strategic and healthcare management perspective, the propagation pattern of the disease and the prediction of its spread over time is of great importance to save lives and to minimize the social and economic consequences of the disease. Within the scientific community, the problem of interest has been studied in various communities including mathematical epidemiology, biological systems modeling, signal processing and control engineering.
In this study, epidemic outbreaks are studied from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using an extension of the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model, which is a mathematical compartmental model based on the average behavior of a population under study. The objective is to provide researchers a better understanding of the significance of mathematical modeling for epidemic diseases. It is shown by simulation how social measures such as distancing, regional lockdowns and public health vigilance can influence the model parameters, which in turn change the mortality rates and active contaminated cases over time.
It should be highlighted that mathematical models applied to real-world systems (social, biological, economical, etc.) are only valid under their assumptions and hypothesis. Therefore, this research— and similar ones— that address epidemic patterns do not convey direct clinical information and dangers for the public, but they should rather be used by healthcare strategists for better planning and decision making. Hence, the study of this work is only recommended for researchers familiar with the strength points and limitations of mathematical modeling of biological systems. The Matlab codes required for reproducing the results of this research are also online available in the Git repository of the project. In Section II, a brief introduction to mathematical modeling of biological systems is presented to highlight the scope of the present study and to open perspectives for the interested researchers, who may be less familiar with the context. The proposed model for the outspread of the Coronavirus is presented in Section III. The article is concluded with some general remarks and future perspectives.
Adapted from: Mathematical Modeling of Epidemic Diseases; A Case Study of COVID-19 Coronavirus. Available at: <arxiv.org/abs/2003.11371> [Accessed 6th June 2020].
Text 4
Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China.
B. Ivorra, M. R. Ferrández, M. Vela-Pérez and A. M. Ramosa
Abstract
In this paper we develop a mathematical model for the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is a new θ-SEIHRD model (not a SIR, SEIR or other general purpose model), which takes into account the known special characteristics of this disease, as the existence of infectious undetected cases and the different sanitary and infectiousness conditions of hospitalized people. In particular, it includes a novel approach that considers the fraction θ of detected cases over the real total infected cases, which allows to study the importance of this ratio on the impact of COVID-19. The model is also able to estimate the needs of beds in hospitals. It is complex enough to capture the most important effects, but also simple enough to allow an affordable identification of its parameters, using the data that authorities report on this pandemic.
We study the particular case of China (including Chinese Mainland, Macao, Hong-Kong and Taiwan, as done by the World Health Organization in its reports on COVID-19), and use its reported data to identify the model parameters, which can be of interest for estimating the spread of COVID-19 in other countries. We show a good agreement between the reported data and the estimations given by our model. We also study the behavior of the outputs returned by our model when considering incomplete reported data (by truncating them at some dates before and after the peak of daily reported cases). By comparing those results, we can estimate the error produced by the model when identifying the parameters at early stages of the pandemic. Finally, taking into account the advantages of the novelties introduced by our model, we study different scenarios to show how different values of the percentage of detected cases would have changed the global magnitude of COVID-19 in China, which can be of interest for policy makers.
Keywords: Mathematical model, θ-SEIHRD model, COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemic, Numerical simulation, Parameter estimation
1. Introduction
Modeling and simulation are important decision tools that can be useful to control human and animal diseases. However, since each disease exhibits its own particular biological characteristics, the models need to be adapted to each specific case in order to be able to tackle real situations.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease emerging in China in December 2019 that has rapidly spread around China and many other countries. On 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) renamed the epidemic disease caused by 2019-nCoV as strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
This is a new virus and a completely new situation. On 30 January 2020, WHO declared it to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. As of 11 March 2020, the disease was confirmed in more than 118,000 cases reported globally in 114 countries, more than 90 percent of cases are in just four countries (two of those China and the Republic of Korea - have significantly declining epidemics) and WHO declared it to be a pandemic, the first one caused by a coronavirus. On 1 April 2020 there are 872,481 and 43,275 official reported cases and deaths, respectively, and there is no vaccine specifically designed for this virus, with proven effectiveness.
There are some mathematical models in the literature that try to describe the dynamics of the evolution of COVID-19. ( ... ) Other works, propose SEIR type models with little variations and some of them incorporate stochastic components. COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new virus, which is generating a worldwide emergency situation and needs a model taking into account its known specific characteristics.
Adapted from: Mathematical modeling of the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) taking into account the undetected infections. The case of China. In: Elsevier Public Health Emergency Collection, 2020. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC7190554/> [ Accessed 4th June 2020].
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