← Voltar para a lista de provas Instituto Rio Branco (IRBR) — Ministério das Relações Exteriores · Diplomata (Terceiro Secretário) 120 questões nesta prova · página 1 de 6 · 111 com gabarito Gabarito disponível "Put" e "let's have" são imperativos que exprimem sugestões feitas anteriormente. "Put the women in office" é imperativo e "let's have affirmative action" é sugestão na forma de "let's". Ambas reproduzem recomendações feitas no passado, por isso ela diz "we kept looking at the Band-aid". Certo: correto. Errado: nega o valor de sugestão do imperativo e de "let's". Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "To build the constituencies" é oração infinitiva de finalidade/complemento, não advérbio modificando "connected". Em "connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies", a expressão indica o propósito ligado às mulheres (para que elas construam as bases). É uma oração infinitiva, não um advérbio simples modificando o verbo. Certo: classifica incorretamente o termo como advérbio. Errado: correto. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Mohammed não diz que a ausência feminina é a única causa da estagnação. Ela afirma que a falta de mulheres prejudica o progresso e explica em parte maus índices de desenvolvimento e conflitos. "Only reason" é afirmação absoluta que o texto não faz. Certo: exagera ao dizer "única". Errado: correto. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Apenas 26,9% dos legisladores eram mulheres, menos de um terço. O texto informa que a proporção global de legisladoras era de 26,9%. Um terço seria cerca de 33,3%, então não passa de um terço. Certo: 26,9% < 33,3%. Errado: correto.
Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "Remain relegated" traz particípio passado de voz passiva (são relegadas). "Women remain relegated to the margins of power" indica que as mulheres são colocadas à margem por outros, com agente implícito. O particípio "relegated" expressa sentido passivo, de acordo com o gabarito. Certo: correto pelo sentido passivo do particípio. Errado: ignora que a ação recai sobre as mulheres. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "We" refere-se às mulheres em geral (metade da população), não só às que já estão nas mesas decisórias. Na frase anterior ela diz "We're half the population", ou seja, "we" designa as mulheres como grupo. O que elas trazem à mesa está "missing", logo não se refere às que já participam, e sim ao conjunto das mulheres. Certo: restringe indevidamente o referente. Errado: correto, pois "we" = mulheres, metade da população. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Para Mohammed, a ação afirmativa isolada falha por não envolver as próprias mulheres como eleitoras e construtoras de bases. Ela critica olhar só para o "Band-aid" (pôr mulheres em cargos, ação afirmativa) sem "connect the dots" para que as mulheres construam suas bases eleitorais e votem. Defende conversar primeiro com as mulheres. O item sintetiza isso. Certo: correto. Errado: nega a crítica de Mohammed à insuficiência da ação afirmativa. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "That mentality" retoma a visão de que mulheres no poder tiram valor em vez de agregar. A frase anterior diz que muitos veem mulheres no poder como "about taking away, rather than adding" value. O demonstrativo "that mentality" retoma anaforicamente essa crença, que Mohammed quer mudar. Certo: correto. Errado: nega a retomada anafórica evidente. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível As expressões remetem a agressividade, força e competição associadas ao domínio masculino. "Flexing muscle and testosterone" evoca força e agressividade, e "win, win, win at all costs" evoca competição a qualquer preço. Mohammed associa isso aos espaços de poder dominados por homens e diz que mudaria com mulheres à mesa. Certo: correto. Errado: desconsidera a conotação das expressões e o contexto da fala. Referência: Ashifa Kassam, The Guardian, 19/6/2024, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O autor defende governança ética porque a IA pode moldar relações de poder globais. O texto diz que a tecnologia apoia a eficiência, mas deve ser governada por fortes estruturas éticas, "particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations". O item reflete essa ênfase na influência além da eficiência técnica. Certo: correto. Errado: ignora a justificativa explícita ligada às relações de poder globais. Referência: Anusha Guru, The Future of Diplomacy (ORF, 2025), adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Os adjetivos modificam "frameworks" (o núcleo), não "AI", que funciona como modificador nominal. Em "adaptive and responsible AI frameworks", o núcleo do sintagma é "frameworks"; "AI" é substantivo usado como modificador, e os adjetivos "adaptive" e "responsible" qualificam o conjunto, isto é, os frameworks (estruturas), e não a IA em si. Certo: erra ao apontar "AI" como termo modificado. Errado: correto, pois o núcleo é "frameworks". Referência: Gramática da língua inglesa: ordem de modificadores em grupos nominais. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O texto diz que a IA aprofunda a divisão e reforça assimetrias, não que reduz o risco de desigualdades. O texto afirma que a IA "deepens the AI divide" entre nações avançadas e com poucos recursos, e reforça assimetrias de poder globais. Portanto, ela aumenta, e não reduz, o risco de reforçar desigualdades. Certo: inverte a ideia do texto. Errado: correto. Referência: Anusha Guru, The Future of Diplomacy (ORF, 2025), adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O texto afirma que a IA pode apoiar, mas não replica plenamente nem substitui as qualidades humanas. O texto diz que julgamento humano, entendimento cultural e inteligência emocional são qualidades que a IA não pode replicar plenamente. Conclui que ela deve auxiliar, "never replacing" as habilidades humanas da diplomacia. O item resume corretamente essa ideia. Certo: correto. Errado: contraria o texto, que defende a IA como apoio e não como substituta. Referência: Anusha Guru, The Future of Diplomacy (ORF, 18/6/2025), adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "Adopting" é particípio presente (reduzindo oração relativa), não present perfect continuous. O present perfect continuous exige "have/has been + verbo-ing". Em "Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies", "adopting" é um particípio presente que funciona como oração reduzida (equivale a "institutions that adopt/are adopting"), sem auxiliar. Certo: erra por identificar tempo verbal composto inexistente. Errado: correto, pois falta "have been". Referência: Gramática da língua inglesa: particípio presente e present perfect continuous. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Os locais ficaram horrorizados, mas o texto mostra que se perguntavam quem eram, não que ninguém soubesse o propósito como causa do medo. O último parágrafo diz que a chegada do exército horrorizou os locais, que então se perguntaram quem eram aqueles bárbaros e o que queriam. A dúvida sobre o propósito aparece como pergunta posterior, não como causa declarada do pavor. O item atribui uma causalidade que o texto não estabelece. Certo: erra ao ligar o susto ao desconhecimento do propósito, relação que o texto não afirma. Errado: correto, pois a causalidade apresentada é indevida. Referência: Jonathan Lyons, The House of Wisdom (2009), p. 9, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível As videiras foram destruídas por uma praga de gafanhotos, não por doença vegetal. O texto diz que a chegada dos guerreiros foi anunciada por uma praga de gafanhotos (plague of locusts) que destruiu as videiras. Assim, a causa foi um enxame de insetos, não uma doença de plantas, e os gafanhotos precederam os guerreiros ("heralded"), não foram consequência da chegada. Certo: errado, pois não se fala em doença vegetal, e sim em praga de gafanhotos que anunciou a chegada. Errado: correto, pela troca da causa (insetos) e da relação temporal. Referência: Jonathan Lyons, The House of Wisdom (2009), p. 9, adaptado. Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O autor contrasta as características dos guerreiros com a vida nas "Arab shores". O autor descreve os guerreiros como ignorantes de ciência e instrumentos (astrolábio, papel, lentes), em contraste implícito com o mundo árabe sofisticado. A reação de espanto dos locais, no último parágrafo, reforça o contraste, conforme o gabarito. A) Correta. B) Errada: nega o contraste que estrutura o texto. Referência: Jonathan Lyons, The House of Wisdom (2009). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível "They" no terceiro parágrafo refere-se aos guerreiros de Deus, também chamados de bárbaros. No terceiro parágrafo, todos os "They" retomam o exército de crentes ("warriors of God"), descrito como ignorante de ciência e tecnologia. O último parágrafo os chama de "barbarians", confirmando a identidade do grupo. A) Correta. B) Errada: não há outro referente plausível para "They" nesse parágrafo. Referência: Jonathan Lyons, The House of Wisdom (2009). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível Em 1800, as máquinas a vapor já indicavam intervenção humana na natureza. A segunda frase informa que em 1800 havia 550 máquinas a vapor na Europa e mais de 500.000 moinhos d'água. Isso mostra que já havia tecnologias que modificavam o ambiente, ou seja, alterações antrópicas na natureza, conforme o gabarito. A) Correta. B) Errada: ignora a presença de máquinas e moinhos já em 1800. Referência: Michael Cronin, Eco-Translation (2017). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos. Gabarito disponível O que tornou as máquinas a vapor mais atraentes foi a recessão e a agitação dos trabalhadores, não suas condições de vida. O texto diz que foi a recessão econômica de 1825–1848, com crescente agitação dos trabalhadores têxteis por salários e condições, que tornou as máquinas movidas a carvão mais atraentes. Ou seja, o fator foi a agitação trabalhista dentro da recessão, e não as condições de vida em si. O item simplifica indevidamente. A) Errada: desloca a causa para as condições de vida em si. B) Correta: a causa foi a recessão com agitação trabalhista. Referência: Michael Cronin, Eco-Translation (2017). Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.IRBR — Concurso de Admissão à Carreira de Diplomata (CACD) 2025 — Diplomata (Terceiro Secretário) — Primeira Fase — Prova Objetiva — Período da Tarde
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
In the sentence ‘We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action’ (first sentence of the last paragraph), the verbs ‘put’ and “let’s have” express recommendations or suggestions previously made.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
In the excerpt ‘And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies’ (second sentence of the last paragraph) the phrase ‘to build the constituencies’ functions as an adverb that modifies ‘connected’.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
Amina Mohammed believes that women’s absence from decision-making roles is the only reason global development remains stagnant.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
According to the text, more than one-third of lawmakers worldwide are women.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
It is correct to conclude from the linguistic aspects and the meanings of the third paragraph of the text that the phrase “women remain relegated to the margins of power” (second sentence) is in the passive voice.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
In the fragment ‘And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing’ (second sentence of the second paragraph), the pronoun ‘we’ refers specifically to the women that are part of decision-making tables.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
According to the text, Mohammed claims that affirmative action alone is not enough to solve women under-representation because it lacks a strategy for engaging women as political agents and voters.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
In the excerpt ‘And we have to change that mentality’ (last sentence of the sixth paragraph) the fragment ‘that mentality’ refers back to the belief that, when in power, women diminish value instead of adding it.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.
“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”
Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.
She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”
Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.
“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”
Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official. In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet: <www.theguardian.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
In the fourth paragraph, it can be inferred from the expressions ‘flexing muscle and testosterone’ and ‘win at all costs’ that, for Mohammed, the male dominance in political representation evokes an attitude of aggressiveness, strength, and competition.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Diplomacy is often described as an art, involving decisions shaped by sensitive political nuances that require human judgment, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence — qualities that AI cannot fully replicate. While AI can support decision-making, it may also manipulate human behavior subtly, especially through systems developed in countries with different geopolitical priorities. This deepens the AI divide between technologically advanced and resource-limited nations, embedding linguistic and cultural biases and reinforcing global power asymmetries. As algorithms take their place alongside diplomats, the art of negotiation now meets the science of AI. The future of diplomacy must lie in fostering a symbiotic relationship where AI enhances human expertise, streamlines processes, and offers new strategic tools while leaving the nuanced art of diplomacy in human hands.
Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies should also adopt guardrails to clarify how these systems inform decision-making. To ensure that AI systems function appropriately across diverse cultural contexts, adaptive and responsible AI frameworks should be integrated into policy discussions at the national and international levels. Crucially, any AI deployment must prioritise human agency. The goal must not be to automate diplomacy, but to augment it. AI’s incorporation into diplomacy offers both promise and peril. While the technology supports efficiency and expands access to information, it must be governed by strong ethical frameworks, particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations. Rather than embracing AI as a magic wand, it must be approached as a double-edged sword that is capable of assisting, but never replacing the unique human skills that diplomacy demands.
Anusha Guru. The Future of Diplomacy: AI’s Expanding Role in International Affairs. In: Observer Research Foundation, 18/6/2025. Internet: <www.orfonline.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items based on the ideas presented in the preceding text, as well as on its linguistic aspects.
The author argues that the ethical governance of AI’s application in diplomacy is especially critical because its influence may extend beyond technical efficiency to altering the global distribution of political power.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Diplomacy is often described as an art, involving decisions shaped by sensitive political nuances that require human judgment, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence — qualities that AI cannot fully replicate. While AI can support decision-making, it may also manipulate human behavior subtly, especially through systems developed in countries with different geopolitical priorities. This deepens the AI divide between technologically advanced and resource-limited nations, embedding linguistic and cultural biases and reinforcing global power asymmetries. As algorithms take their place alongside diplomats, the art of negotiation now meets the science of AI. The future of diplomacy must lie in fostering a symbiotic relationship where AI enhances human expertise, streamlines processes, and offers new strategic tools while leaving the nuanced art of diplomacy in human hands.
Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies should also adopt guardrails to clarify how these systems inform decision-making. To ensure that AI systems function appropriately across diverse cultural contexts, adaptive and responsible AI frameworks should be integrated into policy discussions at the national and international levels. Crucially, any AI deployment must prioritise human agency. The goal must not be to automate diplomacy, but to augment it. AI’s incorporation into diplomacy offers both promise and peril. While the technology supports efficiency and expands access to information, it must be governed by strong ethical frameworks, particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations. Rather than embracing AI as a magic wand, it must be approached as a double-edged sword that is capable of assisting, but never replacing the unique human skills that diplomacy demands.
Anusha Guru. The Future of Diplomacy: AI’s Expanding Role in International Affairs. In: Observer Research Foundation, 18/6/2025. Internet: <www.orfonline.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items based on the ideas presented in the preceding text, as well as on its linguistic aspects.
In the fragment “adaptive and responsible AI frameworks,” (second sentence of the second paragraph), the words “adaptive” and “responsible” modify the expression “AI”.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Diplomacy is often described as an art, involving decisions shaped by sensitive political nuances that require human judgment, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence — qualities that AI cannot fully replicate. While AI can support decision-making, it may also manipulate human behavior subtly, especially through systems developed in countries with different geopolitical priorities. This deepens the AI divide between technologically advanced and resource-limited nations, embedding linguistic and cultural biases and reinforcing global power asymmetries. As algorithms take their place alongside diplomats, the art of negotiation now meets the science of AI. The future of diplomacy must lie in fostering a symbiotic relationship where AI enhances human expertise, streamlines processes, and offers new strategic tools while leaving the nuanced art of diplomacy in human hands.
Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies should also adopt guardrails to clarify how these systems inform decision-making. To ensure that AI systems function appropriately across diverse cultural contexts, adaptive and responsible AI frameworks should be integrated into policy discussions at the national and international levels. Crucially, any AI deployment must prioritise human agency. The goal must not be to automate diplomacy, but to augment it. AI’s incorporation into diplomacy offers both promise and peril. While the technology supports efficiency and expands access to information, it must be governed by strong ethical frameworks, particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations. Rather than embracing AI as a magic wand, it must be approached as a double-edged sword that is capable of assisting, but never replacing the unique human skills that diplomacy demands.
Anusha Guru. The Future of Diplomacy: AI’s Expanding Role in International Affairs. In: Observer Research Foundation, 18/6/2025. Internet: <www.orfonline.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items based on the ideas presented in the preceding text, as well as on its linguistic aspects.
According to the text, the use of AI in diplomacy reduces the risk of reinforcing global inequalities.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Diplomacy is often described as an art, involving decisions shaped by sensitive political nuances that require human judgment, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence — qualities that AI cannot fully replicate. While AI can support decision-making, it may also manipulate human behavior subtly, especially through systems developed in countries with different geopolitical priorities. This deepens the AI divide between technologically advanced and resource-limited nations, embedding linguistic and cultural biases and reinforcing global power asymmetries. As algorithms take their place alongside diplomats, the art of negotiation now meets the science of AI. The future of diplomacy must lie in fostering a symbiotic relationship where AI enhances human expertise, streamlines processes, and offers new strategic tools while leaving the nuanced art of diplomacy in human hands.
Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies should also adopt guardrails to clarify how these systems inform decision-making. To ensure that AI systems function appropriately across diverse cultural contexts, adaptive and responsible AI frameworks should be integrated into policy discussions at the national and international levels. Crucially, any AI deployment must prioritise human agency. The goal must not be to automate diplomacy, but to augment it. AI’s incorporation into diplomacy offers both promise and peril. While the technology supports efficiency and expands access to information, it must be governed by strong ethical frameworks, particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations. Rather than embracing AI as a magic wand, it must be approached as a double-edged sword that is capable of assisting, but never replacing the unique human skills that diplomacy demands.
Anusha Guru. The Future of Diplomacy: AI’s Expanding Role in International Affairs. In: Observer Research Foundation, 18/6/2025. Internet: <www.orfonline.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items based on the ideas presented in the preceding text, as well as on its linguistic aspects.
The text suggests that, although AI can assist diplomats, it cannot fully replace the human qualities required in diplomacy.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
Diplomacy is often described as an art, involving decisions shaped by sensitive political nuances that require human judgment, cultural understanding, and emotional intelligence — qualities that AI cannot fully replicate. While AI can support decision-making, it may also manipulate human behavior subtly, especially through systems developed in countries with different geopolitical priorities. This deepens the AI divide between technologically advanced and resource-limited nations, embedding linguistic and cultural biases and reinforcing global power asymmetries. As algorithms take their place alongside diplomats, the art of negotiation now meets the science of AI. The future of diplomacy must lie in fostering a symbiotic relationship where AI enhances human expertise, streamlines processes, and offers new strategic tools while leaving the nuanced art of diplomacy in human hands.
Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies should also adopt guardrails to clarify how these systems inform decision-making. To ensure that AI systems function appropriately across diverse cultural contexts, adaptive and responsible AI frameworks should be integrated into policy discussions at the national and international levels. Crucially, any AI deployment must prioritise human agency. The goal must not be to automate diplomacy, but to augment it. AI’s incorporation into diplomacy offers both promise and peril. While the technology supports efficiency and expands access to information, it must be governed by strong ethical frameworks, particularly when it can shape global power relations through sensitive negotiations. Rather than embracing AI as a magic wand, it must be approached as a double-edged sword that is capable of assisting, but never replacing the unique human skills that diplomacy demands.
Anusha Guru. The Future of Diplomacy: AI’s Expanding Role in International Affairs. In: Observer Research Foundation, 18/6/2025. Internet: <www.orfonline.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items based on the ideas presented in the preceding text, as well as on its linguistic aspects.
In the fragment “Diplomatic institutions adopting such technologies” (first sentence of the second paragraph), “adopting” describes an ongoing action that started in the past and continues in the present, since it is in the present perfect continuous.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
They couldn’t even tell the time — this uncountable army of believers.
The warriors of God pushed on to the gates of the imperial city of Constantinople, their arrival heralded by a plague of locusts that destroyed the vines but left the wheat untouched. Their leader, an implacable cleric who had appeared from nowhere to great popular acclaim, exhorted his charges to holy war against the infidel with promises of a home in paradise. Disease and malnutrition were rife. Medical care often involved exorcism of the amputation of injured limbs. Torture and other ordeals settled criminal cases.
Few had any learning at all. What education there was back home consisted of memorizing outdated texts under the watchful eyes of hidebound doctors of religion. They had no understanding of basic technology, science, or mathematics. They could not date their most important holy days, nor chart the regular movements of the sun, the moon, and the planets. They knew nothing of papermaking or the use of lenses and mirrors, and they had no inkling of the prince of contemporary scientific instruments — the astrolabe. Natural phenomena, such as an eclipse of the moon or a sudden change in weather, terrified them. They though it was black magic.
The arrival of this fanatical army horrified the locals. Who were these pale-skinned, blue-eyed barbarians, marching under the sign of the cross, and what did they want on Arab shores at the dawn of the twelfth Christian century?
Jonathan Lyons. The House of Wisdom. How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization. London: Bloomsbury, 2009. p. 9 (adapted).
Based on the preceding text, judge the following items.
According to the last paragraph of the text, the local population of the Arab shores was greatly frightened by the presence of the newcomers because nobody knew what their purpose was.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
They couldn’t even tell the time — this uncountable army of believers.
The warriors of God pushed on to the gates of the imperial city of Constantinople, their arrival heralded by a plague of locusts that destroyed the vines but left the wheat untouched. Their leader, an implacable cleric who had appeared from nowhere to great popular acclaim, exhorted his charges to holy war against the infidel with promises of a home in paradise. Disease and malnutrition were rife. Medical care often involved exorcism of the amputation of injured limbs. Torture and other ordeals settled criminal cases.
Few had any learning at all. What education there was back home consisted of memorizing outdated texts under the watchful eyes of hidebound doctors of religion. They had no understanding of basic technology, science, or mathematics. They could not date their most important holy days, nor chart the regular movements of the sun, the moon, and the planets. They knew nothing of papermaking or the use of lenses and mirrors, and they had no inkling of the prince of contemporary scientific instruments — the astrolabe. Natural phenomena, such as an eclipse of the moon or a sudden change in weather, terrified them. They though it was black magic.
The arrival of this fanatical army horrified the locals. Who were these pale-skinned, blue-eyed barbarians, marching under the sign of the cross, and what did they want on Arab shores at the dawn of the twelfth Christian century?
Jonathan Lyons. The House of Wisdom. How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization. London: Bloomsbury, 2009. p. 9 (adapted).
Based on the preceding text, judge the following items.
According to the text, as a consequence of the arrival of the warriors, the vines mentioned in the second paragraph were attacked by a widespread plant disease.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
They couldn’t even tell the time — this uncountable army of believers.
The warriors of God pushed on to the gates of the imperial city of Constantinople, their arrival heralded by a plague of locusts that destroyed the vines but left the wheat untouched. Their leader, an implacable cleric who had appeared from nowhere to great popular acclaim, exhorted his charges to holy war against the infidel with promises of a home in paradise. Disease and malnutrition were rife. Medical care often involved exorcism of the amputation of injured limbs. Torture and other ordeals settled criminal cases.
Few had any learning at all. What education there was back home consisted of memorizing outdated texts under the watchful eyes of hidebound doctors of religion. They had no understanding of basic technology, science, or mathematics. They could not date their most important holy days, nor chart the regular movements of the sun, the moon, and the planets. They knew nothing of papermaking or the use of lenses and mirrors, and they had no inkling of the prince of contemporary scientific instruments — the astrolabe. Natural phenomena, such as an eclipse of the moon or a sudden change in weather, terrified them. They though it was black magic.
The arrival of this fanatical army horrified the locals. Who were these pale-skinned, blue-eyed barbarians, marching under the sign of the cross, and what did they want on Arab shores at the dawn of the twelfth Christian century?
Jonathan Lyons. The House of Wisdom. How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization. London: Bloomsbury, 2009. p. 9 (adapted).
Based on the preceding text, judge the following items.
The author of the text presents the characteristics of the warriors that contrasted with the life of those who inhabited the “Arab shores”, mentioned in the last paragraph.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
They couldn’t even tell the time — this uncountable army of believers.
The warriors of God pushed on to the gates of the imperial city of Constantinople, their arrival heralded by a plague of locusts that destroyed the vines but left the wheat untouched. Their leader, an implacable cleric who had appeared from nowhere to great popular acclaim, exhorted his charges to holy war against the infidel with promises of a home in paradise. Disease and malnutrition were rife. Medical care often involved exorcism of the amputation of injured limbs. Torture and other ordeals settled criminal cases.
Few had any learning at all. What education there was back home consisted of memorizing outdated texts under the watchful eyes of hidebound doctors of religion. They had no understanding of basic technology, science, or mathematics. They could not date their most important holy days, nor chart the regular movements of the sun, the moon, and the planets. They knew nothing of papermaking or the use of lenses and mirrors, and they had no inkling of the prince of contemporary scientific instruments — the astrolabe. Natural phenomena, such as an eclipse of the moon or a sudden change in weather, terrified them. They though it was black magic.
The arrival of this fanatical army horrified the locals. Who were these pale-skinned, blue-eyed barbarians, marching under the sign of the cross, and what did they want on Arab shores at the dawn of the twelfth Christian century?
Jonathan Lyons. The House of Wisdom. How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization. London: Bloomsbury, 2009. p. 9 (adapted).
Based on the preceding text, judge the following items.
In all its occurrences in the third paragraph, the pronoun “They” refers to “The warriors of God” (second paragraph), also referred in the text as “barbarians” (last paragraph).Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills. Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825-1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises. Therefore, the substantial increase in CO₂ emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.
Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.
Michael Cronin. Eco-Translation: translation and ecology in the Age of the Anthropocene. New York: Routledge, 2017. p. 11-12 (adapted).
In relation to the previous text, judge the items that follow.
The second sentence of the first paragraph indicates that, in 1800, there were already anthropogenic changes in nature.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills. Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825-1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises. Therefore, the substantial increase in CO₂ emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.
Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.
Michael Cronin. Eco-Translation: translation and ecology in the Age of the Anthropocene. New York: Routledge, 2017. p. 11-12 (adapted).
In relation to the previous text, judge the items that follow.
In the first paragraph, the author states that what increased the use of steam-driven spinning machines was the living conditions of textile workers.Resolução comentada
Análise das alternativas
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