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Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 53 a 57.
Many assumptions of a communicative orientation towards language teaching need questioning in a global context. Ozóg (1989) discusses the idea of the ‘information gap’, which is supposed to induce students to speak. ‘Are we as Europeans’, he asks, ‘not making a cultural assumption that speakers the world over are uneasy in silence and that they have an overwhelming desire to fill gaps which occur in natural discourse?’ (p.399). Silence is a salient feature of conversation in the Malay world, he points out, a feature that has also been noted in Japan and a number of other cultures.
Indeed, the whole question of requiring others to speak needs to be questioned in terms of both cultural and gender differences. The point here is not to exoticize some notion of cultural difference, but rather to suggest that language is a cultural practice, that both language and thinking about language are always located in very particular social, cultural and political contexts. How language (including silence, paralanguage, and so on) is used, therefore, differs extensively from one context to another, and thus any approach to language teaching based on one particular view of language may be completely inapplicable in another context. If particular language teaching practices (advertised and exported as the best, newest and most scientific) support certain views of language, then such practices clearly present a particular cultural politics and make the English language classroom a site of struggle over different ways of thinking about and dealing with language.
(A. Pennycook, The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language.London and New York: Routledge. 2017. Adaptado)
A exposição do autor no segundo parágrafo traz a seguinte implicação para o ensino de inglês no contexto brasileiro:
Resolução comentada
O segundo parágrafo implica tratar diferenças culturais respeitando contextos e realidades individuais.
O autor diz que a linguagem é prática cultural situada e que abordagens baseadas numa só visão podem ser inaplicáveis em outro contexto. Para o ensino no Brasil, isso implica tratar as diferenças culturais respeitando contextos e realidades específicos (B).
Análise das alternativas
A) O autor questiona visões universais, e não defende a escolha do Inglês como Língua Internacional por não ter contexto. C) Nada no texto fala de orientações gerais para a escola regular. D) O texto não propõe priorizar a multiculturalidade em vez da língua. E) O autor vê a sala de aula como espaço de disputa e não pede abstenção.
Referência: Pennycook (2017), texto-base.
Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.