Questão 1 — Interpretação de Texto (Língua Inglesa) — Serviço de Seleção do Pessoal da Marinha (SSPM) · Marinha do Brasil 2022

Língua Inglesa Interpretação de Texto

Serviço de Seleção do Pessoal da Marinha (SSPM) 2022 Superior

Marinha do Brasil · Oficial dos Quadros Complementares (QC-CA e QC-FN) — Sistemas de Armas · Caderno Amarela

Gabarito disponível

Texto-base:
Read the text below and answer questions 1 and 2.

Unmanned Vessel Plans Need Improvement, Agency Says

By Geoff Ziezulewicz

While the U.S. Navy is steaming full speed ahead in developing unmanned surface and undersea drones to augment the fleet of the future, the information technology and the artificial intelligence that will drive these platforms remain a work in progress. The sea service needs to better map out its efforts, according to a recent government watchdog report.
Navy shipbuilding plans call for spending more than $4 billion on such drones over the next five years, but that plan “does not account for the full costs to develop and operate these systems,” a Government Accountability Office report found.
Replacing crews requires IT and AI capabilities that the Navy has just begun to examine.
GAO’s audit, which began in October 2020, found that the Navy is “only beginning to assess (unmanned systems’) effects on existing shipbuilding plans.”
“While the Navy has outlined a plan to spend $4.3 billion on uncrewed maritime systems in its shipbuilding plan, we found that this understates the costs associated with these systems because it does not account for all costs - specifically operations and sustainment, and the digital infrastructure necessary to enable them,” the report states.
Funding unmanned development could also come under pressure from competing shipbuilding demands. The report found that the Navy has yet to stand up criteria for evaluating prototypes or developing better schedules for such prototype efforts.
The Navy is looking to introduce several unmanned systems into the fleet in the coming decades, according to GAO, and while some software will be unique to each platform, the Navy also wants to have a lot of common digital infrastructure among these vehicles.
This digital infrastructure would involve AI capabilities built over time to better help the platforms communicate, sense their surroundings and manage reams of data, the report states.
Navy officials told GAO that the sea service needs a host of technologies, including simulation software, software for autonomy and mission planning, large datasets for machine learning, as well as commercial tech and software that can be quickly bought and melded into Navy systems.
Among its recommendations, the report states that the Navy should provide Congress with a cost estimate for the full scope of work that will be required to make unmanned systems part of the fleet, while developing an approach to refine this estimate in the next shipbuilding plan.
The service should also establish an “uncrewed maritime systems portfolio” and offer more detail about how it intends to reach its unmanned objectives.

(Adapted from Navy Times. May 2022, p. 15.https://www.navytimes.com/)

According to the text, which option is correct?

Selecione uma alternativa A) The IT and the AI which will be used in unmanned drones in the future have already been successfully developed by the U.S. Navy. B) Government Accountability Office reported that the Navy had provided an accurate cost estimate in its shipbuilding plan. C) The U.S. Navy spent a total of $4.3 billion on unmanned surface and undersea drones in five years. D) GAO states that the U.S. Navy’s plan does not consider all the money necessary to develop and operate unmanned maritime systems. E) The sea service requires a lot of technologies, but commercial software is no longer necessary for it.

Resolução comentada

O GAO afirma que o plano da Marinha não considera todo o dinheiro necessário para desenvolver e operar os sistemas não tripulados.

O relatório do GAO diz que o plano de construção naval 'não leva em conta todos os custos' dos sistemas marítimos não tripulados, em especial operação, sustentação e infraestrutura digital. Isso corresponde à alternativa D.

Análise das alternativas

A) Errada: o texto diz que TI e IA ainda são 'trabalho em andamento' e que a Marinha apenas começou a examinar essas capacidades. B) Errada: o GAO considerou que a estimativa subestima os custos. C) Errada: US$ 4,3 bilhões é o gasto planejado, não um valor já gasto. E) Errada: o texto cita software comercial como uma das tecnologias necessárias.

Referência: Texto-base: Navy Times, maio de 2022, 'Unmanned Vessel Plans Need Improvement, Agency Says'.

Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.