Questão 3 — Interpretação de Texto (Língua Inglesa) — Serviço de Seleção do Pessoal da Marinha (SSPM) · Marinha do Brasil 2022

Língua Inglesa Interpretação de Texto

Serviço de Seleção do Pessoal da Marinha (SSPM) 2022 Superior

Marinha do Brasil · Oficial dos Quadros Complementares (QC-CA e QC-FN) — Sistemas de Armas · Caderno Amarela

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Texto-base:
Read the text below and answer questions 3 and 4.

COVID Airborne Transmission v. Monkeypox: Key Differences between viruses

By Aristos Georgiou

More than 1,000 cases of monkeypox have been confirmed around the world in several countries where the disease is not usually found - including the United States - raising questions about how the virus is spreading. But can monkeypox, a rare disease that is usually restricted to parts of Central and West Africa, spread via airborne transmission like the SARS-CoV-2 virus?
Some infectious diseases can spread through airborne transmission via tiny respiratory droplets known as aerosols that can become suspended in the air. These droplets are produced when an individual exhales, sneezes, coughs, talks, or sings, for example. These droplets can contain live viruses or other pathogens that can potentially infect healthy people if they land in the eyes, nose or mouth.
Airborne transmission does not require face-to-face contact, and, in fact, an infected person does not even have to be in the same room as another individual to infect them because the droplets can linger in the air for some time.
Several diseases spread through airborne transmission, including measles and chickenpox. Others, meanwhile, can spread via larger respiratory droplets that do not float in the air as easily and fall to the ground faster.
SARS-CoV-2 spreads through exposure to respiratory fluids containing the infectious virus, and, while it was not clear in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, we now know that this can include aerosols.

(Adapted from https://www.newsweek.com/)

According to the text, which fact called special attention to the spread of monkeypox around the world?

Selecione uma alternativa A) All the symptom similarities found between it and COVID-19 among patients in Central and West Africa. B) Unlike SARS-CoV-2, monkeypox virus cannot be spread through airborne transmission. C) Its transmission can only occur through face-to-face contact, especially if the virus reaches the eye, nose or mouth. D) Its high level of infection and death risk, mainly among people who have respiratory problems. E) Its occurrence in places where it is seldom seen, leading to the hypothesis of airborne transmission.

Resolução comentada

O que chamou atenção foi a ocorrência de monkeypox em países onde ela raramente aparece, levantando dúvidas sobre transmissão aérea.

O primeiro parágrafo informa que mais de 1.000 casos foram confirmados em vários países onde a doença normalmente não é encontrada, o que levanta questionamentos sobre como o vírus se espalha e se poderia ser pelo ar, como o SARS-CoV-2. É o que diz a alternativa E.

Análise das alternativas

A) Errada: o texto não compara sintomas entre monkeypox e COVID-19. B) Errada: o texto não afirma que o monkeypox não se transmite pelo ar; apresenta isso como pergunta. C) Errada: o texto diz que a transmissão aérea não exige contato face a face e não afirma que o monkeypox só se transmite assim. D) Errada: o texto não menciona alto nível de infecção ou risco de morte em pessoas com problemas respiratórios.

Referência: Texto-base: Newsweek, 'COVID Airborne Transmission v. Monkeypox', parágrafo 1.

Resolução comentada do VaiConcursos.